Prevalence of micro and macrovascular complications and their risk factors in type-2 diabetes mellitus. 2014

R P Agrawal, and Vipin Ola, and Prashant Bishnoi, and Sunil Gothwal, and Parmender Sirohi, and Ritvik Agrawal

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of micro and macrovascular complications in type-2 diabetes in Northwest India and its correlation with various risk factors. METHODS In this study, total 11,157 subjects (M:F 6661:4496), attending the diabetic clinic, were analysed. The study sample resembles the population sample in anthropometric, age and socioeconomic factors. All patients had undergone the test for retinopathy by fundus examination, nephropathy by microalbuminuria, serum creatinine and blood urea, neuropathy by monofilament and biothesiometer, peripheral vascular disease (PVD) by colour doppler and cardiovascular disease by ECG. RESULTS Among 11,157 subjects, retinopathy was diagnosed in 32.5%, nephropathy was present in 30.2%, peripheral neuropathy was present in 26.8%, coronary heart disease (CHD) was present in 25.8% and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) was present in 28% of the subjects. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that age had a significant association with retinopathy, neuropathy, coronary heart disease (CHD) and peripheral vascular diseases (PVD). Duration of diabetes had significant association with the neuropathy, nephropathy and PVD. Higher HbA1C increases the risk of retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. Hypertension was associated with nephropathy and coronary heart disease. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the high prevalence of vascular complications in type-2 diabetes in Northwest India. Retinopathy and nephropathy were the commonest complications of diabetes in our study.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D003924 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Resistant,Diabetes Mellitus, Maturity-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Slow-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Stable,MODY,Maturity-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,NIDDM,Diabetes Mellitus, Non Insulin Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Type II,Maturity-Onset Diabetes,Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Type 2 Diabetes,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Diabetes Mellitus, Adult Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis Resistant,Diabetes Mellitus, Maturity Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Slow Onset,Diabetes, Maturity-Onset,Diabetes, Type 2,Ketosis-Resistant Diabetes Mellitus,Maturity Onset Diabetes,Maturity Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Slow-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Stable Diabetes Mellitus
D003925 Diabetic Angiopathies VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. Diabetic Vascular Complications,Diabetic Vascular Diseases,Microangiopathy, Diabetic,Angiopathies, Diabetic,Angiopathy, Diabetic,Diabetic Angiopathy,Diabetic Microangiopathies,Diabetic Microangiopathy,Diabetic Vascular Complication,Diabetic Vascular Disease,Microangiopathies, Diabetic,Vascular Complication, Diabetic,Vascular Complications, Diabetic,Vascular Disease, Diabetic,Vascular Diseases, Diabetic
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D012307 Risk Factors An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, inborn or inherited characteristic, which, based on epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent. Health Correlates,Risk Factor Scores,Risk Scores,Social Risk Factors,Population at Risk,Populations at Risk,Correlates, Health,Factor, Risk,Factor, Social Risk,Factors, Social Risk,Risk Factor,Risk Factor Score,Risk Factor, Social,Risk Factors, Social,Risk Score,Score, Risk,Score, Risk Factor,Social Risk Factor
D015995 Prevalence The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time. Period Prevalence,Point Prevalence,Period Prevalences,Point Prevalences,Prevalence, Period,Prevalence, Point,Prevalences

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