Dielectric properties of gelatine phantoms used for simulations of biological tissues between 10 and 50 MHz. 1989

C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
Centre Alexis Vautrin, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.

The use of gelatine phantoms for simulating the dielectric properties of human tissues is suggested. These phantoms are mainly made of gelatine and water and are therefore readily prepared at a low cost. They can be poured into moulds and adopt various shapes depending on the organ to be simulated. In addition, their preservation is not critical. We have studied, at 10, 27 and 50 MHz, the variations of relative permittivity and conductivity as a function of temperature between 15 and 50 degrees C. What is shown is that those values vary both as a function of gelatine concentrations and as a function of temperature. For example, at 37 degrees C and 27 MHz, variations of relative permittivity from 87 to 100 and variations of the conductivity from 0.27 to 0.45 S/m for concentrations of 10% to 40% are observed. At the above frequency, the permittivity of human and animal tissues range between 95 and 180 and the conductivity between 0.4 and 0.6 S/m. Furthermore, the addition of sodium chloride at variable concentrations enables both conductivity and permittivity values to be modified. We propose, as 'muscle-equivalent' phantoms at 27 MHz, a phantom consisting of 20% gelatine with an electrical conductivity from 0.27 to 0.48 S/m and a relative permittivity from 90 to 93 at temperatures between 15 and 50 degrees C. These gelatine, water and sodium chloride phantoms are adapted for easy and cheap simulation of most human tissues in a temperature range from 15 to 50 degrees C, for frequencies from 10 to 50 MHz.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006979 Hyperthermia, Induced Abnormally high temperature intentionally induced in living things regionally or whole body. It is most often induced by radiation (heat waves, infra-red), ultrasound, or drugs. Fever Therapy,Hyperthermia, Local,Hyperthermia, Therapeutic,Thermotherapy,Induced Hyperthermia,Therapeutic Hyperthermia,Therapy, Fever,Local Hyperthermia
D008961 Models, Structural A representation, generally small in scale, to show the structure, construction, or appearance of something. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed) Model, Structural,Structural Model,Structural Models
D004553 Electric Conductivity The ability of a substrate to allow the passage of ELECTRONS. Electrical Conductivity,Conductivity, Electric,Conductivity, Electrical
D005780 Gelatin A product formed from skin, white connective tissue, or bone COLLAGEN. It is used as a protein food adjuvant, plasma substitute, hemostatic, suspending agent in pharmaceutical preparations, and in the manufacturing of capsules and suppositories. Gelafusal
D013696 Temperature The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms. Temperatures

Related Publications

C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
May 1983, The British journal of radiology,
C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
January 1981, Bioelectromagnetics,
C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
January 1990, Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical engineering,
C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
August 2021, Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi,
C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
January 2005, The Journal of microwave power and electromagnetic energy : a publication of the International Microwave Power Institute,
C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
November 1996, Physics in medicine and biology,
C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
April 2006, The Journal of chemical physics,
C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
May 1988, Physics in medicine and biology,
C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
January 2022, Frontiers in physiology,
C Marchal, and M Nadi, and A J Tosser, and C Roussey, and M L Gaulard
June 2007, Journal of food science,
Copied contents to your clipboard!