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The activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis as well as coagulation inhibitors in the blood of patients with compensated (n = 25) and decompensated (n = 25) liver cirrhosis were studied. Protein C (PC) was decreased in a more pronounced manner than antithrombin III (AT III) in liver cirrhosis. Thereby, PC proved to be a highly sensible indicator of liver cell dysfunction. Decreased levels of PC activity (PC ratio activity/antigen 0.82) in decompensated liver cirrhosis suggest production of dysfunctional, undercarboxylated PC. We observed increased blood concentrations of fibrinopeptide A (FPA) (p less than 0.05) in both groups of patients compared to healthy volunteers (n = 25), while D-Dimer was increased only in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (p less than 0.01). Comparing both groups of patients. D-Dimer was significantly different with higher levels in decompensated liver cirrhosis (p less than 0.01). The ratio D-Dimer/FPA was significantly increased in decompensated liver cirrhosis compared to both other groups. These observations indicate that efflux from the extravascular space, e.g. ascitic fluid, contributes to the high contents of fibrin degradation products (D-Dimer) in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. In summary we conclude that patients with liver cirrhosis have enhanced activation of both coagulation and fibrinolysis but that the balance is not significantly displaced.
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