Suppressed inflammatory gene expression during human hypertrophic scar compared to normotrophic scar formation. 2015

Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Hypertrophic scar formation is a result of adverse cutaneous wound healing. The pathogenesis of hypertrophic scar formation is still poorly understood. A problem next to the lack of suitable animal models is that often normal skin is compared to hypertrophic scar (HTscar) and not to normotrophic scar (NTscar) tissue. Another drawback is that often only one time period after wounding is studied, while scar formation is a dynamic process over a period of several months. In this study, we compared the expression of genes involved in inflammation, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and also macrophage infiltration in biopsies obtained before and up to 52 weeks after standard surgery in five patients who developed HTscar and six patients who developed NTscar. It was found that HTscar formation coincided with a prolonged decreased expression of inflammatory genes (TNFα, IL-1α, IL-1RN, CCL2, CCL3, CXCL2, CXCR2, C3 and IL-10) and an extended increased expression of ECM-related genes (PLAU, Col3A1, TGFβ3). This coincided with a delayed but prolonged infiltration of macrophages (type 2) in HTscar tissue compared to NTscar tissue. These findings were supported by immunohistochemical localization of proteins coding for select genes named above. Our study emphasizes that human cutaneous wound healing is a dynamic process that is needed to be studied over a period of time rather than a single point of time. Taken together, our results suggest innate immune stimulatory therapies may be a better option for improving scar quality than the currently used anti-inflammatory scar therapies.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008264 Macrophages The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.) Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages,Monocyte-Derived Macrophages,Macrophage,Macrophages, Monocyte-Derived,Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages,Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage,Macrophage, Bone Marrow-Derived,Macrophage, Monocyte-Derived,Macrophages, Bone Marrow-Derived,Macrophages, Monocyte Derived,Monocyte Derived Macrophages,Monocyte-Derived Macrophage
D011183 Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. Complication, Postoperative,Complications, Postoperative,Postoperative Complication
D002921 Cicatrix The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. Scars,Cicatrization,Scar,Scarring
D005786 Gene Expression Regulation Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation. Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001706 Biopsy Removal and pathologic examination of specimens from the living body. Biopsies
D014945 Wound Healing Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue. Healing, Wound,Healings, Wound,Wound Healings
D016207 Cytokines Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner. Cytokine
D016326 Extracellular Matrix Proteins Macromolecular organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually, sulfur. These macromolecules (proteins) form an intricate meshwork in which cells are embedded to construct tissues. Variations in the relative types of macromolecules and their organization determine the type of extracellular matrix, each adapted to the functional requirements of the tissue. The two main classes of macromolecules that form the extracellular matrix are: glycosaminoglycans, usually linked to proteins (proteoglycans), and fibrous proteins (e.g., COLLAGEN; ELASTIN; FIBRONECTINS; and LAMININ). Extracellular Matrix Protein,Matrix Protein, Extracellular,Matrix Proteins, Extracellular,Protein, Extracellular Matrix,Proteins, Extracellular Matrix
D017439 Cicatrix, Hypertrophic An elevated scar, resembling a KELOID, but which does not spread into surrounding tissues. It is formed by enlargement and overgrowth of cicatricial tissue and regresses spontaneously. Scars, Hypertrophic,Cicatrices, Hypertrophic,Hypertrophic Cicatrices,Hypertrophic Cicatrix,Hypertrophic Scar,Hypertrophic Scars,Scar, Hypertrophic

Related Publications

Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
August 2023, Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France),
Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
February 2004, Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries,
Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
October 2017, Zhonghua shao shang za zhi = Zhonghua shaoshang zazhi = Chinese journal of burns,
Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
May 2014, Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.],
Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
January 1926, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine,
Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
November 2020, Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie,
Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
January 2011, Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society,
Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
September 2020, Molecular medicine reports,
Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
July 2020, International journal of biological macromolecules,
Lenie J van den Broek, and Willem M van der Veer, and Etty H de Jong, and Susan Gibbs, and Frank B Niessen
September 1993, Journal of wound care,
Copied contents to your clipboard!