Biomaterial Database

Metabolism of amniotic fluid dopamine by fetal membranes. 1989

A Kawada, and T Kudo, and Y Kishimoto

The concentrations of L-dopa, three catecholamines and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were measured both in the amniotic fluid and the fetal urine obtained at term elective cesarean section, using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Dopamine was the major compound in the fetal urine, while DOPAC predominated in the amniotic fluid. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was detected in the fetal membranes by the method of Wurthman and Axelrod. MAO activities in the amnion, chorion and decidua were 0.023 +/- 0.003, 0.180 +/- 0.05 and 2.69 +/- 0.66 nmol/mg protein/min (mean +/- SE), respectively. Incubation experiments, using fetal membranes with human amniotic fluid, demonstrated that dopamine in amniotic fluid was metabolized to DOPAC by fetal membranes. Additional incubation experiments with pargyline, a MAO inhibitor, showed that it strongly inhibited the conversion of dopamine into DOPAC. These results suggest that the dopamine in amniotic fluid was metabolized to DOPAC by MAO in the fetal membranes. This mechanism may regulate the dopamine concentration in amniotic fluid.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008995	Monoamine Oxidase	An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of naturally occurring monoamines. It is a flavin-containing enzyme that is localized in mitochondrial membranes, whether in nerve terminals, the liver, or other organs. Monoamine oxidase is important in regulating the metabolic degradation of catecholamines and serotonin in neural or target tissues. Hepatic monoamine oxidase has a crucial defensive role in inactivating circulating monoamines or those, such as tyramine, that originate in the gut and are absorbed into the portal circulation. (From Goodman and Gilman's, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p415) EC 1.4.3.4.	Amine Oxidase (Flavin-Containing),MAO,MAO-A,MAO-B,Monoamine Oxidase A,Monoamine Oxidase B,Type A Monoamine Oxidase,Type B Monoamine Oxidase,Tyramine Oxidase,MAO A,MAO B,Oxidase, Monoamine,Oxidase, Tyramine
D010648	Phenylacetates	Derivatives of phenylacetic acid. Included under this heading are a variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the benzeneacetic acid structure. Note that this class of compounds should not be confused with derivatives of phenyl acetate, which contain the PHENOL ester of ACETIC ACID.	Benzeneacetates,Benzeneacetic Acids,Phenylacetic Acids,Acids, Benzeneacetic,Acids, Phenylacetic
D011247	Pregnancy	The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Gestation,Pregnancies
D004298	Dopamine	One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.	Hydroxytyramine,3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine,4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol,Dopamine Hydrochloride,Intropin,3,4 Dihydroxyphenethylamine,Hydrochloride, Dopamine
D005260	Female		Females
D005321	Extraembryonic Membranes	The thin layers of tissue that surround the developing embryo. There are four extra-embryonic membranes commonly found in VERTEBRATES, such as REPTILES; BIRDS; and MAMMALS. They are the YOLK SAC, the ALLANTOIS, the AMNION, and the CHORION. These membranes provide protection and means to transport nutrients and wastes.	Fetal Membranes,Extra-Embryonic Membranes,Extra Embryonic Membranes,Extra-Embryonic Membrane,Extraembryonic Membrane,Fetal Membrane,Membrane, Extra-Embryonic,Membrane, Extraembryonic,Membrane, Fetal,Membranes, Extra-Embryonic,Membranes, Extraembryonic,Membranes, Fetal
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000653	Amniotic Fluid	A clear, yellowish liquid that envelopes the FETUS inside the sac of AMNION. In the first trimester, it is likely a transudate of maternal or fetal plasma. In the second trimester, amniotic fluid derives primarily from fetal lung and kidney. Cells or substances in this fluid can be removed for prenatal diagnostic tests (AMNIOCENTESIS).	Amniotic Fluid Index,Amniotic Fluid Indices,Amniotic Fluids,Fluid Index, Amniotic,Fluid Indices, Amniotic,Fluid, Amniotic,Fluids, Amniotic,Index, Amniotic Fluid,Indices, Amniotic Fluid
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D015102	3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid	A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.	DOPAC,Homoprotocatechuic Acid,3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid, Monosodium Salt,3,4 Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid