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Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: An Introduction for Emergency Medicine Physicians. 2015
Lynn P Gehrmann, and
John W Hafner, and
Daniel L Montgomery, and
Klayton W Buckley, and
Randall S Fortuna
Department of Emergency Medicine, Ministry Medical Group Saint Mary's Hospital, Rhinelander, Wisconsin.
BACKGROUND Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy has supported critically ill pediatric patients in the intensive care unit setting with cardiac and respiratory failure. This therapy is beginning to transition to the emergency department setting. OBJECTIVE This article describes the fundamentals of ECMO and familiarizes the emergency medicine physician with its use in critically ill pediatric patients. CONCLUSIONS ECMO can be utilized as either venoarterial (VA) or venovenous (VV), to support oxygenation and perfusion in respiratory failure, sepsis, cardiac arrest, and environmental hypothermia.
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