Validity of Skinfold-Based Measures for Tracking Changes in Body Composition in Professional Rugby League Players. 2016

Jace A Delaney, and Heidi R Thornton, and Tannath J Scott, and David A Ballard, and Grant M Duthie, and Lisa G Wood, and Ben J Dascombe
Applied Sport Science and Exercise Testing Laboratory, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia.

High levels of lean mass are important in collision-based sports for the development of strength and power, which may also assist during contact situations. While skinfold-based measures have been shown to be appropriate for cross-sectional assessments of body composition, their utility in tracking changes in lean mass is less clear. OBJECTIVE To determine the most effective method of quantifying changes in lean mass in rugby league athletes. METHODS Body composition of 21 professional rugby league players was assessed on 2 or 3 occasions separated by ≥6 wk, including bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), lean-mass index (LMI), and a skinfold-based prediction equation (SkF). Dual-X-ray absorptiometry provided a criterion measure of fat-free mass (FFM). Correlation coefficients (r) and standard errors of the estimate (SEE) were used as measures of validity for the estimates. RESULTS All 3 practical estimates exhibited strong validity for cross-sectional assessments of FFM (r > .9, P < .001). The correlation between change scores was stronger for the LMI (r = .69, SEE 1.3 kg) and the SkF method (r = .66, SEE = 1.4 kg) than for BIA (r = .50, SEE = 1.6 kg). CONCLUSIONS The LMI is probably as accurate in predicting changes in FFM as SkF and very likely to be more appropriate than BIA. The LMI offers an adequate, practical alternative for assessing in FFM among rugby league athletes.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D001823 Body Composition The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat. Body Compositions,Composition, Body,Compositions, Body
D005538 Football A competitive team sport played on a rectangular field.This is the American version of the game. It does not include non-North American football ( American Football,Football, American
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000886 Anthropometry The technique that deals with the measurement of the size, weight, and proportions of the human or other primate body.
D012885 Skinfold Thickness The measurement of subcutaneous fat located directly beneath the skin by grasping a fold of skin and subcutaneous fat between the thumb and forefinger and pulling it away from the underlying muscle tissue. The thickness of the double layer of skin and subcutaneous tissue is then read with a caliper. The five most frequently measured sites are the upper arm, below the scapula, above the hip bone, the abdomen, and the thigh. Its application is the determination of relative fatness, of changes in physical conditioning programs, and of the percentage of body fat in desirable body weight. (From McArdle, et al., Exercise Physiology, 2d ed, p496-8) Skinfold Thicknesses,Thickness, Skinfold,Thicknesses, Skinfold
D015502 Absorptiometry, Photon A noninvasive method for assessing BODY COMPOSITION. It is based on the differential absorption of X-RAYS (or GAMMA RAYS) by different tissues such as bone, fat and other soft tissues. The source of (X-ray or gamma-ray) photon beam is generated either from radioisotopes such as GADOLINIUM 153, IODINE 125, or Americanium 241 which emit GAMMA RAYS in the appropriate range; or from an X-ray tube which produces X-RAYS in the desired range. It is primarily used for quantitating BONE MINERAL CONTENT, especially for the diagnosis of OSTEOPOROSIS, and also in measuring BONE MINERALIZATION. Absorptiometry, X-Ray,Dual-Photon Absorptiometry,Photodensitometry, X-Ray,Photon Absorptiometry,Single-Photon Absorptiometry,X-Ray Absorptiometry,Absorptiometry, Dual X-Ray,Absorptiometry, Dual-Energy Radiographic,Absorptiometry, Dual-Energy X-Ray,DEXA Scan,DPX Absorptiometry,DXA Scan,Densitometry, X-Ray,Densitometry, Xray,Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry,Dual-Energy Radiographic Absorptiometry,Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry,Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan,Radiographic Absorptiometry, Dual-Energy,X-Ray Absorptiometry, Dual-Energy,X-Ray Photodensitometry,Absorptiometries, DPX,Absorptiometry, DPX,Absorptiometry, Dual Energy Radiographic,Absorptiometry, Dual Energy X Ray,Absorptiometry, Dual X Ray,Absorptiometry, Dual-Photon,Absorptiometry, Single-Photon,Absorptiometry, X Ray,DEXA Scans,DXA Scans,Densitometry, X Ray,Dual Energy Radiographic Absorptiometry,Dual Energy X Ray Absorptiometry,Dual Energy X Ray Absorptiometry Scan,Dual Photon Absorptiometry,Dual X Ray Absorptiometry,Photodensitometry, X Ray,Radiographic Absorptiometry, Dual Energy,Scan, DEXA,Scan, DXA,Scans, DEXA,Scans, DXA,Single Photon Absorptiometry,X Ray Absorptiometry,X Ray Absorptiometry, Dual Energy,X Ray Photodensitometry,X-Ray Absorptiometry, Dual,X-Ray Densitometry,Xray Densitometry
D017097 Electric Impedance The resistance to the flow of either alternating or direct electrical current. Bioelectrical Impedance,Electric Resistance,Impedance,Ohmic Resistance,Biolectric Impedance,Electrical Impedance,Electrical Resistance,Impedance, Bioelectrical,Impedance, Biolectric,Impedance, Electric,Impedance, Electrical,Ohmic Resistances,Resistance, Electric,Resistance, Electrical,Resistance, Ohmic,Resistances, Ohmic
D055815 Young Adult A person between 19 and 24 years of age. Adult, Young,Adults, Young,Young Adults

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