Biomaterial Database

Decompressive Hemicraniectomy in Acute Neurological Diseases. 2016

Angela Crudele, and Syed Omar Shah, and Barak Bar

Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to severe brain injury is common. Increased ICP is commonly encountered in malignant middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage. Multiple interventions-both medical and surgical-exist to manage increased ICP. Medical management is used as first-line therapy; however, it is not always effective and is associated with significant risks. Decompressive hemicraniectomy is a surgical option to reduce ICP, increase cerebral compliance, and increase cerebral blood perfusion when medical management becomes insufficient. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date summary of the use of decompressive hemicraniectomy for the management of refractory elevated ICP in malignant middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002543	Cerebral Hemorrhage	Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.	Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral,Cerebral Parenchymal Hemorrhage,Hemorrhage, Cerebral,Intracerebral Hemorrhage,Hemorrhage, Cerebrum,Brain Hemorrhages, Cerebral,Cerebral Brain Hemorrhage,Cerebral Brain Hemorrhages,Cerebral Hemorrhages,Cerebral Parenchymal Hemorrhages,Cerebrum Hemorrhage,Cerebrum Hemorrhages,Hemorrhage, Cerebral Brain,Hemorrhage, Cerebral Parenchymal,Hemorrhage, Intracerebral,Hemorrhages, Cerebral,Hemorrhages, Cerebral Brain,Hemorrhages, Cerebral Parenchymal,Hemorrhages, Cerebrum,Hemorrhages, Intracerebral,Intracerebral Hemorrhages,Parenchymal Hemorrhage, Cerebral,Parenchymal Hemorrhages, Cerebral
D002545	Brain Ischemia	Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.	Cerebral Ischemia,Ischemic Encephalopathy,Encephalopathy, Ischemic,Ischemia, Cerebral,Brain Ischemias,Cerebral Ischemias,Ischemia, Brain,Ischemias, Cerebral,Ischemic Encephalopathies
D003422	Critical Care	Health care provided to a critically ill patient during a medical emergency or crisis.	Intensive Care,Intensive Care, Surgical,Surgical Intensive Care,Care, Critical,Care, Intensive,Care, Surgical Intensive
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000070642	Brain Injuries, Traumatic	A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain.	Trauma, Brain,Traumatic Brain Injury,Encephalopathy, Traumatic,Injury, Brain, Traumatic,TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury),TBIs (Traumatic Brain Injuries),Traumatic Encephalopathy,Brain Injury, Traumatic,Brain Trauma,Brain Traumas,Encephalopathies, Traumatic,TBI (Traumatic Brain Injuries),Traumas, Brain,Traumatic Brain Injuries,Traumatic Encephalopathies
D013345	Subarachnoid Hemorrhage	Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status.	Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid,Perinatal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage,Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Aneurysmal,Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Spontaneous,SAH (Subarachnoid Hemorrhage),Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Intracranial,Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage,Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhages,Hemorrhage, Aneurysmal Subarachnoid,Hemorrhage, Intracranial Subarachnoid,Hemorrhage, Perinatal Subarachnoid,Hemorrhage, Spontaneous Subarachnoid,Hemorrhages, Aneurysmal Subarachnoid,Hemorrhages, Intracranial Subarachnoid,Hemorrhages, Perinatal Subarachnoid,Hemorrhages, Spontaneous Subarachnoid,Hemorrhages, Subarachnoid,Intracranial Subarachnoid Hemorrhage,Intracranial Subarachnoid Hemorrhages,Perinatal Subarachnoid Hemorrhages,SAHs (Subarachnoid Hemorrhage),Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage,Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhages,Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Perinatal,Subarachnoid Hemorrhages,Subarachnoid Hemorrhages, Aneurysmal,Subarachnoid Hemorrhages, Intracranial,Subarachnoid Hemorrhages, Perinatal,Subarachnoid Hemorrhages, Spontaneous
D016896	Treatment Outcome	Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.	Rehabilitation Outcome,Treatment Effectiveness,Clinical Effectiveness,Clinical Efficacy,Patient-Relevant Outcome,Treatment Efficacy,Effectiveness, Clinical,Effectiveness, Treatment,Efficacy, Clinical,Efficacy, Treatment,Outcome, Patient-Relevant,Outcome, Rehabilitation,Outcome, Treatment,Outcomes, Patient-Relevant,Patient Relevant Outcome,Patient-Relevant Outcomes
D017410	Practice Guidelines as Topic	Works about directions or principles presenting current or future rules of policy for assisting health care practitioners in patient care decisions regarding diagnosis, therapy, or related clinical circumstances. The guidelines may be developed by government agencies at any level, institutions, professional societies, governing boards, or by the convening of expert panels. The guidelines form a basis for the evaluation of all aspects of health care and delivery.	Clinical Guidelines as Topic,Best Practices,Best Practice
D056424	Decompressive Craniectomy	Excision of part of the skull. This procedure is used to treat elevated intracranial pressure that is unresponsive to conventional treatment.	Decompressive Craniotomy,Craniectomy, Decompressive,Craniotomy, Decompressive,Decompressive Craniectomies,Decompressive Craniotomies
D019586	Intracranial Hypertension	Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including HYDROCEPHALUS; BRAIN EDEMA; intracranial masses; severe systemic HYPERTENSION; PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; and other disorders.	Elevated ICP (Intracranial Pressure),Elevated Intracranial Pressure,ICP (Intracranial Pressure) Elevation,ICP (Intracranial Pressure) Increase,Intracranial Pressure Increase,Hypertension, Intracranial,ICP, Elevated (Intracranial Pressure),Intracranial Pressure, Elevated,Pressure Increase, Intracranial,Pressure, Elevated Intracranial