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Spatially confined low-power optically pumped ultrafast synchrotron x-ray nanodiffraction. 2015

Joonkyu Park, and Qingteng Zhang, and Pice Chen, and Margaret P Cosgriff, and Jack A Tilka, and Carolina Adamo, and Darrell G Schlom, and Haidan Wen, and Yi Zhu, and Paul G Evans
Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.

The combination of ultrafast optical excitation and time-resolved synchrotron x-ray nanodiffraction provides unique insight into the photoinduced dynamics of materials, with the spatial resolution required to probe individual nanostructures or small volumes within heterogeneous materials. Optically excited x-ray nanobeam experiments are challenging because the high total optical power required for experimentally relevant optical fluences leads to mechanical instability due to heating. For a given fluence, tightly focusing the optical excitation reduces the average optical power by more than three orders of magnitude and thus ensures sufficient thermal stability for x-ray nanobeam studies. Delivering optical pulses via a scannable fiber-coupled optical objective provides a well-defined excitation geometry during rotation and translation of the sample and allows the selective excitation of isolated areas within the sample. Experimental studies of the photoinduced lattice dynamics of a 35 nm BiFeO3 thin film on a SrTiO3 substrate demonstrate the potential to excite and probe nanoscale volumes.

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