Biomaterial Database

Hypoxia stimulates the release by bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells of an inhibitor of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell growth. 1989

P M Hassoun, and P J Pasricha, and E Teufel, and S L Lee, and B L Fanburg

Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center Hospital, Boston, MA 02111.

The proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMC) seen in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is a poorly understood phenomenon but may involve endothelial cell (EC)-SMC interaction. Using bovine pulmonary artery cells, we examined the effect of O2 tension and the role of EC or media conditioned by EC (ECCM) on SMC proliferation. We found no difference in SMC proliferation under 3%, 10%, and 20% O2. EC, co-cultured with SMC in 3% O2, inhibited SMC proliferation consistently by about 40% (versus SMC exposed to hypoxia but not to EC). In normoxia, the degree of inhibition was dependent on EC:SMC ratio. In separate experiments, media from EC exposed to 3% or 20% O2 had a mitogenic activity of 24% and 42%, respectively (compared to 100% mitogenic activity with 5% FCS), on serum-deprived SMC. On the other hand, when SMC were stimulated to grow with FCS, an inhibitory activity (IA) from ECCM on SMC proliferation was observed and was significantly greater in hypoxic versus normoxic ECCM (40% versus 21%, respectively). Amicon concentration showed that the IA was contained in the less than 10 kD fraction of ECCM. Preliminary characterization of this IA indicates that it is unlike any of the known inhibitors of SMC growth, such as lactic acid, prostaglandin derivatives, or heparan sulfate. We conclude that hypoxia causes pulmonary artery EC to release a unique inhibitor of SMC growth.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007773	Lactates	Salts or esters of LACTIC ACID containing the general formula CH3CHOHCOOR.
D009130	Muscle, Smooth	Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	Muscle, Involuntary,Smooth Muscle,Involuntary Muscle,Involuntary Muscles,Muscles, Involuntary,Muscles, Smooth,Smooth Muscles
D010100	Oxygen	An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.	Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D011651	Pulmonary Artery	The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs.	Arteries, Pulmonary,Artery, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Arteries
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002455	Cell Division	The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.	M Phase,Cell Division Phase,Cell Divisions,Division Phase, Cell,Division, Cell,Divisions, Cell,M Phases,Phase, Cell Division,Phase, M,Phases, M
D002478	Cells, Cultured	Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.	Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D004730	Endothelium, Vascular	Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.	Capillary Endothelium,Vascular Endothelium,Capillary Endotheliums,Endothelium, Capillary,Endotheliums, Capillary,Endotheliums, Vascular,Vascular Endotheliums
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D019344	Lactic Acid	A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)	Lactate,2-Hydroxypropanoic Acid,2-Hydroxypropionic Acid,Ammonium Lactate,D-Lactic Acid,L-Lactic Acid,Propanoic Acid, 2-Hydroxy-, (2R)-,Propanoic Acid, 2-Hydroxy-, (2S)-,Sarcolactic Acid,2 Hydroxypropanoic Acid,2 Hydroxypropionic Acid,D Lactic Acid,L Lactic Acid,Lactate, Ammonium