Biomaterial Database

Severe hypercholesterolemia mediated by lipoprotein X in a patient with cholestasis. 2015

Dineo V Phatlhane, and Annalise E Zemlin

Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) and University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.

Lipoprotein X (LpX) is an abnormal lipoprotein associated with cholestasis. It is a significant cause of severe hypercholesterolemia and should always be considered in patients with cholestatic liver disease. This case highlights the significance of LpX as a cause of severe hypercholesterolemia in a patient with cholestasis secondary to a granulomatous hepatitis attributed to tuberculosis. Lipoprotein agarose gel electrophoresis and gradient gel electrophoresis were performed for the detection of LpX. The liver function tests, electrolytes, lipid profile and bile acids were also determined. Anti-tuberculous therapy was initiated and the liver functions improved with normalisation of the lipid profile.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008073	Lipoprotein-X	An abnormal lipoprotein present in large amounts in patients with obstructive liver diseases such as INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS. LP-X derives from the reflux of BILE lipoproteins into the bloodstream. LP-X is a low-density lipoprotein rich in free CHOLESTEROL and PHOSPHOLIPIDS but poor in TRIGLYCERIDES; CHOLESTEROL ESTERS; and protein.	Lipoprotein X
D008111	Liver Function Tests	Blood tests that are used to evaluate how well a patient's liver is working and also to help diagnose liver conditions.	Function Test, Liver,Function Tests, Liver,Liver Function Test,Test, Liver Function,Tests, Liver Function
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D011237	Predictive Value of Tests	In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.	Negative Predictive Value,Positive Predictive Value,Predictive Value Of Test,Predictive Values Of Tests,Negative Predictive Values,Positive Predictive Values,Predictive Value, Negative,Predictive Value, Positive
D002779	Cholestasis	Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).	Bile Duct Obstruction,Biliary Stasis,Bile Duct Obstructions,Biliary Stases,Cholestases,Duct Obstruction, Bile,Duct Obstructions, Bile,Obstruction, Bile Duct,Obstructions, Bile Duct,Stases, Biliary,Stasis, Biliary
D004587	Electrophoresis, Agar Gel	Electrophoresis in which agar or agarose gel is used as the diffusion medium.	Electrophoresis, Agarose Gel,Agar Gel Electrophoresis,Agarose Gel Electrophoresis,Gel Electrophoresis, Agar,Gel Electrophoresis, Agarose
D005260	Female		Females
D006505	Hepatitis	INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.	Hepatitides
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006937	Hypercholesterolemia	A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.	Hypercholesteremia,Elevated Cholesterol,High Cholesterol Levels,Cholesterol Level, High,Cholesterol Levels, High,Cholesterol, Elevated,Cholesterols, Elevated,Elevated Cholesterols,High Cholesterol Level,Hypercholesteremias,Hypercholesterolemias,Level, High Cholesterol,Levels, High Cholesterol