We used a topography system to evaluate retrospectively the pattern of power distribution seen preoperatively and postoperatively in six patients with high postkeratoplasty astigmatism. The relaxing incisions had all been placed based on visual inspection of keratoscope mires alone. Computer analysis of keratoscope photographs showed considerable individual variation in the degree of surface irregularity in preoperative topography. Our data suggest that the steep axis of the postkeratoplasty graft is better conceptualized as two steep hemimeridians. These hemimeridians were separated by an angle other than 180 degrees (two of six cases), and often showed fairly large changes in power from the most central to peripheral areas of the graft analyzed (three of six cases). Asymmetry of power between the two steep hemimeridians was seen in all cases. Areas of maximum steepening were often present in the peripheral portions of the graft in areas other than the major hemimeridians. Individual variation in preoperative corneal irregularity and asymmetry appeared to have an effect on the success of the relaxing incisions.