OBJECTIVE To analyze the changes of schistosomiasis endemic situation in Anui Province from 2004 to 2014, so as to provide the evidence for formulating "The thirteenth five year" schistosomiasis control plan. METHODS The information for schistosomiasis control and the data of the endemic surveillance of schistosomiasis were collected and analyzed for the changes of schistosomiasis endemic situation in Anhui Province from 2004 to 2014. RESULTS The Oncomelania hupensis snail areas presented on a rising trend, and reached to the largest area with about 3.1 billon m2in 2011. However, the snail areas decreased from 2012, and reduced by 10.55% in 2012 compared with the areas in 2011, and reduced to the lowest level in 2014 in recent 10 years. The density of living snails presented a fluctuation situation from 2004 to 2008, and on a decreasing trend from 2008, and the density of living snails was below 1 snail/0.l i2 after 2011. The infection rate of snails remained stagnant state from 2004 to 2011, and decreased rapidly in 2012, and no schistosome infected snails were found in 2013 and 2014. The schistosome infection rate of residents decreased gradually, and the number of acute schistosomiasis was under 50 cases with scattered distribution after 2006, and no acute cases occurred in 2013 and 2014. The infection rate of livestock was above 1% from 2004 to 2011, and reduced to 0.55% in 2012, and it was the first time that the infection rate of livestock was lower than that of residents in the same year in 2014. The progress for achieving the goal of schistosomiasis transmission control accelerated after 2011, and the number of counties that reached the standard of schistosomiasis transmission controlled from 2012 to 2014 was 4, 9 and 14 and the number of townships was 33, 76 and 32, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Schistosomiasis control has achieved remarkable effectiveness in Anhui Province, but there still exists hard work to consolidate the achievement and reach schistosomiasis transmission interrupted.