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[Factors Affecting Non-Specific Reaction in Latex Agglutination Turbidimetric Immunoassay for Detection of Matrix Metalloproteinase-3]. 2015

Shoko Kitaaki, and Nobuhide Hayashi, and Itsuko Sato, and Katsunori Watanabe, and Jun Saegusa, and Seiji Kawano

OBJECTIVE Measurement of matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3), a marker for rheumatoid arthritis, by means of latex agglutination turbidimetric immunoassay (LTIA), has come to replace ELISA kit, but pre-improvement LTIA kit S(Sekisui Medical) frequently shows false values resulting from non-specific reactions. We analyzed factors influencing the frequency of non-specific reactions for MMP-3 detection using various methods. METHODS Serum MMP-3 levels were measured in 1,214 routine samples or 57 panels with various immunoserological abnormalities by means of pre-improvement and improved kit S, LTIA kit E (Eiken Chemical) and ELISA kit. Non-specific reaction samples were selected either from the routine samples based on the results of correlativity tests between the kits and of dilution linearity tests, or from 57 panels with immunoserological abnormalities based on the results of recovery tests. To explore the factors causing non- specific reactions, titers of rheumatoid factor (RF), immunoglobulins and four heterophil antibodies were measured in these samples. In addition, changes in findings as a result of reduction treatment or IgM absorption were examined in selected samples to clarify the effect of heterophil antibodies. RESULTS Samples which showed suspected false values probably due to non-specific reaction numbered 75, 15, 5 and 17 as measured with pre-improvement kit S, improved kit S, kit E and ELISA kit, respectively. Kit S also showed high rate of deviation in recovery tests on panels with immunoserological abnormalities. Rate of RF titer in samples with non-specific reactions was higher than that of other factors. Non-specific reaction could be inhibited in two samples as a result of reduction treatment or absorption of IgM subtype. CONCLUSIONS Pre-improvement kit S showed a higher rate of non-specific reactions than other kits. The most common cause of non-specific reactions is thought to be high RF titer, but high levels of IgM, including heterophil antibodies, may also affect the values of MMP-3.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007075 Immunoglobulin M A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally was called a macroglobulin. Gamma Globulin, 19S,IgM,IgM Antibody,IgM1,IgM2,19S Gamma Globulin,Antibody, IgM
D007118 Immunoassay A technique using antibodies for identifying or quantifying a substance. Usually the substance being studied serves as antigen both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance. Immunochromatographic Assay,Assay, Immunochromatographic,Assays, Immunochromatographic,Immunoassays,Immunochromatographic Assays
D007841 Latex Fixation Tests Passive agglutination tests in which antigen is adsorbed onto latex particles which then clump in the presence of antibody specific for the adsorbed antigen. (From Stedman, 26th ed) Latex Agglutination Tests,Agglutination Test, Latex,Agglutination Tests, Latex,Fixation Test, Latex,Fixation Tests, Latex,Latex Agglutination Test,Latex Fixation Test,Test, Latex Agglutination,Test, Latex Fixation,Tests, Latex Agglutination,Tests, Latex Fixation
D009391 Nephelometry and Turbidimetry Chemical analysis based on the phenomenon whereby light, passing through a medium with dispersed particles of a different refractive index from that of the medium, is attenuated in intensity by scattering. In turbidimetry, the intensity of light transmitted through the medium, the unscattered light, is measured. In nephelometry, the intensity of the scattered light is measured, usually, but not necessarily, at right angles to the incident light beam. Turbidimetry,Nephelometry,Turbidimetry and Nephelometry
D011933 Reagent Kits, Diagnostic Commercially prepared reagent sets, with accessory devices, containing all of the major components and literature necessary to perform one or more designated diagnostic tests or procedures. They may be for laboratory or personal use. Diagnostic Reagent Kits,Diagnostic Reagents and Test Kits,Diagnostic Test Kits,In Vitro Diagnostic Device,In Vitro Diagnostic Devices,In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Device,In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices,Kits, Diagnostic Reagent,Diagnostic Reagent Kit,Diagnostic Test Kit,Kit, Diagnostic Reagent,Kit, Diagnostic Test,Kits, Diagnostic Test,Reagent Kit, Diagnostic,Test Kit, Diagnostic,Test Kits, Diagnostic
D004797 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed. ELISA,Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays,Immunosorbent Assay, Enzyme-Linked,Immunosorbent Assays, Enzyme-Linked
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000910 Antibodies, Heterophile Antibodies elicited in a different species from which the antigen originated. These antibodies are directed against a wide variety of interspecies-specific antigens, the best known of which are Forssman, Hanganutziu-Deicher (H-D), and Paul-Bunnell (P-B). Incidence of antibodies to these antigens--i.e., the phenomenon of heterophile antibody response--is useful in the serodiagnosis, pathogenesis, and prognosis of infection and latent infectious states as well as in cancer classification. Antibodies, Heterogenetic,Antibodies, Heterotypic,Antibodies, Xenogeneic,H-D Antibodies,Hanganutziu-Deicher Antibodies,Heteroantibodies,Heterologous Antibodies,Heterophile Antibodies,P-B Antibodies,Paul-Bunnell Antibodies,Xenoantibodies,Antibodies, Heterologous,Antibodies, Heterophil,Antibodies, Xenogenic,Forssman Antibody,Heterogenetic Antibodies,Antibody, Forssman,Heterophil Antibodies,Heterotypic Antibodies,Xenogeneic Antibodies,Xenogenic Antibodies
D001172 Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. Rheumatoid Arthritis
D012217 Rheumatoid Factor Autoantibodies found in adult RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS patients that are directed against GAMMA-CHAIN IMMUNOGLOBULINS. Factor, Rheumatoid

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