3D Surface Profile and Color Stability of Tooth Colored Filling Materials after Bleaching. 2015

Bryant Anthony Irawan, and Stacey Natalie Irawan, and Sam'an Malik Masudi, and Ninin Sukminingrum, and Mohammad Khursheed Alam
Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of vital tooth bleaching with carbamide peroxide home bleaching and in-office bleaching on the color stability and 3D surface profile of dental restorative filling materials. Thirty discs (n = 30) measure 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick for each of three restorative materials. These are nanofilled composite Filtek Z350 XT, the submicron composite Estelite Σ Quick, and nanofilled glass ionomer Ketac N100 nanoionomer and were fabricated in shade A2. Each group was further divided into three subgroups (n = 10): subgroup A (Opalescence PF), subgroup B (Opalescence Boost in-office bleaching), and subgroup C (distilled water) serving as control. Samples were bleached according to the manufacturer's instructions for a period of two weeks. The Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE L(*), a(*), b(*)) system was chosen for image processing, while 3D surface profile was tested with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Statistical analyses were performed with the Mann-Whitney tests and Krusal-Wallis with a P value of ≤ 0.05. The three restorative materials showed significant color changes (ΔE); P ≤ 0.05. In diminishing order, the mean color changes recorded were Estelite Σ (3.82 ± 1.6) > Ketac Nano (2.97 ± 1.2) > Filtek Z350 XT (2.25 ± 1.0). However, none of the tested materials showed statistically significant changes in surface roughness; P > 0.05.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008422 Materials Testing The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility. Biocompatibility Testing,Biocompatible Materials Testing,Hemocompatibility Testing,Testing, Biocompatible Materials,Testing, Hemocompatible Materials,Hemocompatibility Testings,Hemocompatible Materials Testing,Materials Testing, Biocompatible,Materials Testing, Hemocompatible,Testing, Biocompatibility,Testing, Hemocompatibility,Testing, Materials,Testings, Biocompatibility
D010545 Peroxides A group of compounds that contain a bivalent O-O group, i.e., the oxygen atoms are univalent. They can either be inorganic or organic in nature. Such compounds release atomic (nascent) oxygen readily. Thus they are strong oxidizing agents and fire hazards when in contact with combustible materials, especially under high-temperature conditions. The chief industrial uses of peroxides are as oxidizing agents, bleaching agents, and initiators of polymerization. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed) Peroxide
D003116 Color The visually perceived property of objects created by absorption or reflection of specific wavelengths of light. Colors
D003188 Composite Resins Synthetic resins, containing an inert filler, that are widely used in dentistry. Composite Resin,Resin, Composite,Resins, Composite
D000077463 Carbamide Peroxide A urea peroxide compound that is commonly used in tooth whitening agents; topical anti-infective agents, and earwax remover. Perhydrol Urea,Urea Hydrogen Peroxide,Urea Peroxide,Hydrogen Peroxide, Urea
D013499 Surface Properties Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules. Properties, Surface,Property, Surface,Surface Property
D014073 Tooth Bleaching The use of a chemical oxidizing agent to whiten TEETH. In some procedures the oxidation process is activated by the use of heat or light. Teeth Bleaching,Teeth Whitening,Tooth Whitening,Bleaching, Teeth,Bleaching, Tooth,Whitening, Teeth,Whitening, Tooth
D014508 Urea A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids. Basodexan,Carbamide,Carmol

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