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A study was undertaken to determine the presence of cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, in the saliva and gingival crevicular fluid of smokers with periodontal disease. Saliva and crevicular fluid samples were obtained from 16 habitual cigarette smokers and analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for the presence of cotinine. Thirteen non-smokers with periodontal disease served as controls. There was no evidence of cotinine (within our detection levels) in either the saliva or crevicular fluid of any of the nonsmokers. Cotinine, in a wide range of concentrations, was detected in the saliva and crevicular fluid in all of the 16 cigarette smokers. The presence of a nicotine metabolite in the saliva and gingival crevicular fluid reflects the extent of the systemic distribution of nicotine in smokers. The vasoactive properties of nicotine are well known and may possibly affect the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
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J J Garnick, and
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T E Van Dyke
September 1995,
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J R McGuire, and
M J McQuade, and
J A Rossmann, and
J J Garnick, and
D E Sutherland, and
M J Scheidt, and
T E Van Dyke
August 2022,
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland),
J R McGuire, and
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J A Rossmann, and
J J Garnick, and
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M J Scheidt, and
T E Van Dyke
February 2016,
Periodontology 2000,
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D E Sutherland, and
M J Scheidt, and
T E Van Dyke
October 2015,
Journal of periodontal research,
J R McGuire, and
M J McQuade, and
J A Rossmann, and
J J Garnick, and
D E Sutherland, and
M J Scheidt, and
T E Van Dyke
September 2021,
Journal of periodontology,
J R McGuire, and
M J McQuade, and
J A Rossmann, and
J J Garnick, and
D E Sutherland, and
M J Scheidt, and
T E Van Dyke
August 2015,
Journal of periodontology,
J R McGuire, and
M J McQuade, and
J A Rossmann, and
J J Garnick, and
D E Sutherland, and
M J Scheidt, and
T E Van Dyke
February 2015,
Journal of periodontology,
J R McGuire, and
M J McQuade, and
J A Rossmann, and
J J Garnick, and
D E Sutherland, and
M J Scheidt, and
T E Van Dyke
January 2014,
Disease markers,
J R McGuire, and
M J McQuade, and
J A Rossmann, and
J J Garnick, and
D E Sutherland, and
M J Scheidt, and
T E Van Dyke
May 2013,
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis,
J R McGuire, and
M J McQuade, and
J A Rossmann, and
J J Garnick, and
D E Sutherland, and
M J Scheidt, and
T E Van Dyke
February 2012,
Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences,
