Antilymphocyte Globulin for Prevention of Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease. 2016

Nicolaus Kröger, and Carlos Solano, and Christine Wolschke, and Giuseppe Bandini, and Francesca Patriarca, and Massimo Pini, and Arnon Nagler, and Carmine Selleri, and Antonio Risitano, and Giuseppe Messina, and Wolfgang Bethge, and Jaime Pérez de Oteiza, and Rafael Duarte, and Angelo Michele Carella, and Michele Cimminiello, and Stefano Guidi, and Jürgen Finke, and Nicola Mordini, and Christelle Ferra, and Jorge Sierra, and Domenico Russo, and Mario Petrini, and Giuseppe Milone, and Fabio Benedetti, and Marion Heinzelmann, and Domenico Pastore, and Manuel Jurado, and Elisabetta Terruzzi, and Franco Narni, and Andreas Völp, and Francis Ayuk, and Tapani Ruutu, and Francesca Bonifazi
From the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (N.K., C.W., M.H., F.A.), University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg (J.F.), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen (W.B.), and Psy Consult, Frankfurt (A.V.) - all in Germany; Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia (C. Solano), Hospital Ramon y Cajal (J.P.O.) and Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda (R.D.), Madrid, Servicio de Hematología, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, (C.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona (J.S.), and Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada (M.J.) - all in Spain; S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna (G.B., F. Bonifazi), Hematology, DISM, University Udine, Udine (F.P.), Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo, Alessandria (M. Pini), Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples (C. Selleri, A.R.), A.O. Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli, Reggio Calabria (G. Messina), Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo (A.M.C.), Azienda Ospedaliera San Carlo, Potenza (M.C.), Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Florence (S.G.), Ospedale Santa Croce, e Carle, Cuneo (N.M.), University of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Brescia (D.R.), University of Pisa, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa (M. Petrini), Programma di Trapianto Emopoietico Metropolitano, Azienda Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania (G. Milone), Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Verona (F. Benedetti), Azienda Ospedaliera, Universitaria Ospedale, Bari (D.P.), Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza (E.T.), Policlinico Modena, Modena (F.N.), and Università di Salerno, Salerno (C. Selleri) - all in Italy; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel (A.N.); and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.R.).

BACKGROUND Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the leading cause of later illness and death after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. We hypothesized that the inclusion of antihuman T-lymphocyte immune globulin (ATG) in a myeloablative conditioning regimen for patients with acute leukemia would result in a significant reduction in chronic GVHD 2 years after allogeneic peripheral-blood stem-cell transplantation from an HLA-identical sibling. METHODS We conducted a prospective, multicenter, open-label, randomized phase 3 study of ATG as part of a conditioning regimen. A total of 168 patients were enrolled at 27 centers. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive ATG or not receive ATG, with stratification according to center and risk of disease. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 24 months, the cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 32.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.1 to 46.7) in the ATG group and 68.7% (95% CI, 58.4 to 80.7) in the non-ATG group (P<0.001). The rate of 2-year relapse-free survival was similar in the ATG group and the non-ATG group (59.4% [95% CI, 47.8 to 69.2] and 64.6% [95% CI, 50.9 to 75.3], respectively; P=0.21), as was the rate of overall survival (74.1% [95% CI, 62.7 to 82.5] and 77.9% [95% CI, 66.1 to 86.1], respectively; P=0.46). There were no significant between-group differences in the rates of relapse, infectious complications, acute GVHD, or adverse events. The rate of a composite end point of chronic GVHD-free and relapse-free survival at 2 years was significantly higher in the ATG group than in the non-ATG group (36.6% vs. 16.8%, P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS The inclusion of ATG resulted in a significantly lower rate of chronic GVHD after allogeneic transplantation than the rate without ATG. The survival rate was similar in the two groups, but the rate of a composite end point of chronic GVHD-free survival and relapse-free survival was higher with ATG. (Funded by the Neovii Biotech and the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00678275.).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007166 Immunosuppressive Agents Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging. Immunosuppressant,Immunosuppressive Agent,Immunosuppressants,Agent, Immunosuppressive,Agents, Immunosuppressive
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D011446 Prospective Studies Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group. Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D002675 Child, Preschool A child between the ages of 2 and 5. Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D002908 Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). Chronic Condition,Chronic Illness,Chronically Ill,Chronic Conditions,Chronic Diseases,Chronic Illnesses,Condition, Chronic,Disease, Chronic,Illness, Chronic
D005260 Female Females
D006086 Graft vs Host Disease The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION. Graft-Versus-Host Disease,Homologous Wasting Disease,Runt Disease,Graft-vs-Host Disease,Disease, Graft-Versus-Host,Disease, Graft-vs-Host,Disease, Homologous Wasting,Disease, Runt,Diseases, Graft-Versus-Host,Diseases, Graft-vs-Host,Graft Versus Host Disease,Graft-Versus-Host Diseases,Graft-vs-Host Diseases
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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