Biomaterial Database

Influence of CPAP on reflex responses to tracheal irritation in anesthetized humans. 1989

T Nishino, and K Sugimori, and K Hiraga, and Y Hond

Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

We investigated the effects of lung inflation during continuous positive airway pressure breathing (CPAP) on airway defensive reflexes in 10 enflurane-anesthetized spontaneously breathing humans. The airway defensive reflexes were induced by instillation into the trachea of 0.5 ml of distilled water at two different levels of end-expiratory pressure (0 and 10 cmH2O CPAP). The tracheal irritation at an end-expiratory pressure of 0 cmH2O caused a variety of reflex responses including apnea, spasmodic panting, expiration reflex, cough reflex, an increase in heart rate, and an increase in blood pressure. Lung inflation during CPAP of 10 cmH2O did not exert any influence on these reflex responses in terms of the types, latencies, and durations of reflex responses although the intensity of the expiration reflex and cough reflex was augmented by lung inflation. Our results suggest that the pulmonary stretch receptors do not play an important role in the mechanisms of airway defensive reflexes in humans.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D011175	Positive-Pressure Respiration	A method of mechanical ventilation in which pressure is maintained to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, thus reducing the shunting of blood through the lungs and improving gas exchange.	Positive End-Expiratory Pressure,Positive-Pressure Ventilation,End-Expiratory Pressure, Positive,End-Expiratory Pressures, Positive,Positive End Expiratory Pressure,Positive End-Expiratory Pressures,Positive Pressure Respiration,Positive Pressure Ventilation,Positive-Pressure Respirations,Positive-Pressure Ventilations,Pressure, Positive End-Expiratory,Pressures, Positive End-Expiratory,Respiration, Positive-Pressure,Respirations, Positive-Pressure,Ventilation, Positive-Pressure,Ventilations, Positive-Pressure
D011661	Pulmonary Stretch Receptors	Stretch receptors found in the bronchi and bronchioles. Pulmonary stretch receptors are sensors for a reflex which stops inspiration. In humans, the reflex is protective and is probably not activated during normal respiration.	Receptors, Pulmonary Stretch,Receptors, Stretch, Pulmonary,Stretch Receptors, Pulmonary,Lung Stretch Receptors,Receptors, Stretch, Lung,Stretch Receptors, Lung,Lung Stretch Receptor,Pulmonary Stretch Receptor,Receptor, Lung Stretch,Receptor, Pulmonary Stretch,Receptors, Lung Stretch,Stretch Receptor, Lung,Stretch Receptor, Pulmonary
D012018	Reflex	An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
D012119	Respiration	The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (	Breathing
D003371	Cough	A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.	Coughs
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults
D000758	Anesthesia	A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.