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Benz[a]anthracene and the five metabolically possible vicinal trans dihydrodiols of benz[a]anthracene were tested for ability to initiate skin tumors in CD-1 female mice. A single topical application of 0.4-2.0 mumol of hydrocarbon was followed 18 days later by twice weekly applications of the skin promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Comparisons of latency period, percent of mice with tumors, and number of papillomas observed per mouse indicated that benz[a]anthracene 1,2-, 5,6-, 8,9-, and 10, 11-dihydrodiols were all less active tumor initiators than was benz[a]anthracene. The high tumorigenicity of benz[a]anthracene 3,4-dihydrodiol, presumably the result of metabolism to either or both of the diastereomeric benz[a]anthracene 3,4-diol-1,2-epoxides, supports the bay region theory of polycyclic hydrocarbon carcinogenicity and provides the first example of a proximate carcinogenic metabolite that is much more active than the parent hydrocarbon on mouse skin.
A W Wood, and
W Levin, and
R L Chang, and
R E Lehr, and
M Schaefer-Ridder, and
J M Karle, and
D M Jerina, and
A H Conney
March 1978,
Cancer research,
A W Wood, and
W Levin, and
R L Chang, and
R E Lehr, and
M Schaefer-Ridder, and
J M Karle, and
D M Jerina, and
A H Conney
July 1979,
Journal of the National Cancer Institute,
A W Wood, and
W Levin, and
R L Chang, and
R E Lehr, and
M Schaefer-Ridder, and
J M Karle, and
D M Jerina, and
A H Conney
April 1985,
Cancer research,
A W Wood, and
W Levin, and
R L Chang, and
R E Lehr, and
M Schaefer-Ridder, and
J M Karle, and
D M Jerina, and
A H Conney
November 2004,
Chemical research in toxicology,
A W Wood, and
W Levin, and
R L Chang, and
R E Lehr, and
M Schaefer-Ridder, and
J M Karle, and
D M Jerina, and
A H Conney
January 1990,
Chemico-biological interactions,
A W Wood, and
W Levin, and
R L Chang, and
R E Lehr, and
M Schaefer-Ridder, and
J M Karle, and
D M Jerina, and
A H Conney
June 1979,
Cancer research,
A W Wood, and
W Levin, and
R L Chang, and
R E Lehr, and
M Schaefer-Ridder, and
J M Karle, and
D M Jerina, and
A H Conney
August 1978,
Biochemical and biophysical research communications,
A W Wood, and
W Levin, and
R L Chang, and
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M Schaefer-Ridder, and
J M Karle, and
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A H Conney
January 1981,
Carcinogenesis,
A W Wood, and
W Levin, and
R L Chang, and
R E Lehr, and
M Schaefer-Ridder, and
J M Karle, and
D M Jerina, and
A H Conney
May 1979,
British journal of cancer,
A W Wood, and
W Levin, and
R L Chang, and
R E Lehr, and
M Schaefer-Ridder, and
J M Karle, and
D M Jerina, and
A H Conney
January 1979,
Molecular pharmacology,
