Transition of phenolics and cyanogenic glycosides from apricot and cherry fruit kernels into liqueur. 2016

Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
Chair for Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: mateja.voncina@bf.uni-lj.si.

Popular liqueurs made from apricot/cherry pits were evaluated in terms of their phenolic composition and occurrence of cyanogenic glycosides (CGG). Analyses consisted of detailed phenolic and cyanogenic profiles of cherry and apricot seeds as well as beverages prepared from crushed kernels. Phenolic groups and cyanogenic glycosides were analyzed with the aid of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrophotometry (MS). Lower levels of cyanogenic glycosides and phenolics have been quantified in liqueurs compared to fruit kernels. During fruit pits steeping in the alcohol, the phenolics/cyanogenic glycosides ratio increased and at the end of beverage manufacturing process higher levels of total analyzed phenolics were detected compared to cyanogenic glycosides (apricot liqueur: 38.79 μg CGG per ml and 50.57 μg phenolics per ml; cherry liqueur 16.08 μg CGG per ml and 27.73 μg phenolics per ml). Although higher levels of phenolics are characteristic for liqueurs made from apricot and cherry pits these beverages nevertheless contain considerable amounts of cyanogenic glycosides.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010636 Phenols Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.
D002851 Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed. Chromatography, High Performance Liquid,Chromatography, High Speed Liquid,Chromatography, Liquid, High Pressure,HPLC,High Performance Liquid Chromatography,High-Performance Liquid Chromatography,UPLC,Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography,Chromatography, High-Performance Liquid,High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies,Liquid Chromatography, High-Performance
D005638 Fruit The fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a plant, enclosing the seed or seeds. Berries,Legume Pod,Plant Aril,Plant Capsule,Aril, Plant,Arils, Plant,Berry,Capsule, Plant,Capsules, Plant,Fruits,Legume Pods,Plant Arils,Plant Capsules,Pod, Legume,Pods, Legume
D006027 Glycosides Any compound that contains a constituent sugar, in which the hydroxyl group attached to the first carbon is substituted by an alcoholic, phenolic, or other group. They are named specifically for the sugar contained, such as glucoside (glucose), pentoside (pentose), fructoside (fructose), etc. Upon hydrolysis, a sugar and nonsugar component (aglycone) are formed. (From Dorland, 28th ed; From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed) Glycoside
D000068219 Prunus armeniaca A plant species in the family ROSACEAE. It is the source of apricot fruit. Apricot,Apricot Tree,Apricots,Apricot Trees,Tree, Apricot,Trees, Apricot
D000068220 Prunus avium A plant species in the family ROSACEAE. It is the source of the sweet cherry fruit. Black Cherry,Pie Cherry,Prunus cerasus,Prunus serotina,Sour Cherry,Sweet Cherries,Sweet Cherry Tree,Black Cherries,Cherries, Black,Cherries, Pie,Cherries, Sour,Cherries, Sweet,Cherry Tree, Sweet,Cherry Trees, Sweet,Cherry, Black,Cherry, Pie,Cherry, Sour,Cherry, Sweet,Pie Cherries,Sour Cherries,Sweet Cherry,Sweet Cherry Trees,Tree, Sweet Cherry,Trees, Sweet Cherry
D000434 Alcoholic Beverages Drinkable liquids containing ETHANOL. Alcoholic Beverage,Beverage, Alcoholic,Beverages, Alcoholic
D012639 Seeds The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield. Diaspores,Elaiosomes,Embryos, Plant,Plant Embryos,Plant Zygotes,Zygotes, Plant,Diaspore,Elaiosome,Embryo, Plant,Plant Embryo,Plant Zygote,Seed,Zygote, Plant
D021241 Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization A mass spectrometry technique used for analysis of nonvolatile compounds such as proteins and macromolecules. The technique involves preparing electrically charged droplets from analyte molecules dissolved in solvent. The electrically charged droplets enter a vacuum chamber where the solvent is evaporated. Evaporation of solvent reduces the droplet size, thereby increasing the coulombic repulsion within the droplet. As the charged droplets get smaller, the excess charge within them causes them to disintegrate and release analyte molecules. The volatilized analyte molecules are then analyzed by mass spectrometry. ESI Mass Spectrometry,Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry,Mass Spectrometry, ESI,Spectrometry, ESI Mass

Related Publications

Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
June 2009, Disease-a-month : DM,
Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
April 2019, EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority,
Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
March 2009, Toxicological research,
Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
November 1995, Phytochemistry,
Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
October 2010, Journal of natural medicines,
Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
October 1984, Planta medica,
Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
November 2025, Molecules (Basel, Switzerland),
Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
February 2009, Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin,
Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
July 1983, Zhong yao tong bao (Beijing, China : 1981),
Mateja Senica, and Franci Stampar, and Robert Veberic, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
February 2012, Molecules (Basel, Switzerland),
Copied contents to your clipboard!