Fibrin self-assembly is adapted to oxidation. 2016

Mark A Rosenfeld, and Anna V Bychkova, and Alexander N Shchegolikhin, and Vera B Leonova, and Elizaveta A Kostanova, and Marina I Biryukova, and Natalia B Sultimova, and Marina L Konstantinova
N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4, Kosygina str., 119334 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: markrosenfeld@rambler.ru.

Fibrinogen is extremely susceptible to attack by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Having been suffered an oxidative modification, the fibrinogen molecules, now with altered spatial structure and function of fibrin network, affect hemostasis differently. However, the potential effects of the oxidative stress on the early stages of the fibrin self-assembly process remain unexplored. To clarify the damaging influence of ROS on the knob 'A': hole 'a' and the D:D interactions, the both are operating on the early stages of the fibrin polymerization, we have used a novel approach based on exploration of FXIIIa-mediated self-assembly of the cross-linked fibrin oligomers dissolved in the moderately concentrated urea solutions. The oligomers were composed of monomeric desA fibrin molecules created by cleaving the fibrinopeptides A off the fibrinogen molecules with a thrombin-like enzyme, reptilase. According to the UV-absorbance and fluorescence measurements data, the employed low ozone/fibrinogen ratios have induced only a slight fibrinogen oxidative modification that was accompanied by modest chemical transformations of the aromatic amino acid residues of the protein. Else, a slight consumption of the accessible tyrosine residues has been observed due to intermolecular dityrosine cross-links formation. The set of experimental data gathered with the aid of electrophoresis, elastic light scattering and analytical centrifugation has clearly witnessed that the oxidation can serve as an effective promoter for the observed enhanced self-assembly of the covalently cross-linked oligomers. At urea concentration of 1.20M, the pristine and oxidized fibrin oligomers were found to comprise a heterogeneous set of the double-stranded protofibrils that are cross-linked only by γ-γ dimers and the fibers consisting on average of four strands that are additionally linked by α polymers. The amounts of the oxidized protofibrils and the fibers accumulated in the system were higher than those of the non-oxidized counterparts. Moreover, the γ and α polypeptide chains of the oxidized molecules were more readily crosslinked by the FXIIIa. Upon increasing the urea solution concentration to 4.20M, the cross-linked double-stranded desA fibrin protofibrils have dissociated into the single-stranded fibrin oligomers, whereas the fibers dissociated into both the double-stranded desA fibrin oligomers, the structural integrity of the latter being maintained by means of the intermolecular α polymers, and the single-stranded fibrin oligomers cross-linked only by γ-γ dimers. The data we have obtained in this study indicate that the FXIIIa-mediated process of assembling the cross-linked protofibrils and the fibers constructed from the oxidized monomeric fibrin molecules was facilitated due to the strengthening of D:D interactions. The findings infer that the enhanced longitudinal D:D interactions become more essential in the assembly of soluble protofibrils when the interactions knobs 'A': holes 'a' are injured by oxidation. The new experimental findings presented here could be of help for elucidating the essential adaptive molecular mechanisms capable of mitigating the detrimental action of ROS in the oxidatively damaged fibrin self-assemblage processes.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010084 Oxidation-Reduction A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471). Redox,Oxidation Reduction
D011108 Polymers Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., BIOPOLYMERS; PLASTICS). Polymer
D011485 Protein Binding The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments. Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D005176 Factor XIII A fibrin-stabilizing plasma enzyme (TRANSGLUTAMINASES) that is activated by THROMBIN and CALCIUM to form FACTOR XIIIA. It is important for stabilizing the formation of the fibrin polymer (clot) which culminates the coagulation cascade. Coagulation Factor XIII,Factor XIII Transamidase,Fibrin Stabilizing Factor,Fibrinase,Laki-Lorand Factor,Blood Coagulation Factor XIII,Factor 13,Factor Thirteen,Laki Lorand Factor,Factor XIII, Coagulation,Stabilizing Factor, Fibrin,Transamidase, Factor XIII,XIII, Coagulation Factor
D005337 Fibrin A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot. Antithrombin I
D005338 Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products Soluble protein fragments formed by the proteolytic action of plasmin on fibrin or fibrinogen. FDP and their complexes profoundly impair the hemostatic process and are a major cause of hemorrhage in intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis. Antithrombin VI,Fibrin Degradation Product,Fibrin Degradation Products,Fibrin Fibrinogen Split Products,Degradation Product, Fibrin,Degradation Products, Fibrin,Product, Fibrin Degradation
D005340 Fibrinogen Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products. Coagulation Factor I,Factor I,Blood Coagulation Factor I,gamma-Fibrinogen,Factor I, Coagulation,gamma Fibrinogen
D006487 Hemostasis The process which spontaneously arrests the flow of BLOOD from vessels carrying blood under pressure. It is accomplished by contraction of the vessels, adhesion and aggregation of formed blood elements (eg. ERYTHROCYTE AGGREGATION), and the process of BLOOD COAGULATION. Hemostases
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013917 Thrombin An enzyme formed from PROTHROMBIN that converts FIBRINOGEN to FIBRIN. Thrombase,Thrombin JMI,Thrombin-JMI,Thrombinar,Thrombostat,alpha-Thrombin,beta,gamma-Thrombin,beta-Thrombin,gamma-Thrombin,JMI, Thrombin

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