Apical External Root Resorption and Repair in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Biological Events. 2016

Liviu Feller, and Razia A G Khammissa, and George Thomadakis, and Jeanine Fourie, and Johan Lemmer
Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa.

Some degree of external root resorption is a frequent, unpredictable, and unavoidable consequence of orthodontic tooth movement mediated by odontoclasts/cementoclasts originating from circulating precursor cells in the periodontal ligament. Its pathogenesis involves mechanical forces initiating complex interactions between signalling pathways activated by various biological agents. Resorption of cementum is regulated by mechanisms similar to those controlling osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Following root resorption there is repair by cellular cementum, but factors mediating the transition from resorption to repair are not clear. In this paper we review some of the biological events associated with orthodontically induced external root resorption.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010010 Osteoclasts A large multinuclear cell associated with the BONE RESORPTION. An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in CEMENTUM resorption. Odontoclasts,Cementoclast,Cementoclasts,Odontoclast,Osteoclast
D010012 Osteogenesis The process of bone formation. Histogenesis of bone including ossification. Bone Formation,Ossification, Physiologic,Endochondral Ossification,Ossification,Ossification, Physiological,Osteoclastogenesis,Physiologic Ossification,Endochondral Ossifications,Ossification, Endochondral,Ossifications,Ossifications, Endochondral,Osteoclastogeneses,Physiological Ossification
D010513 Periodontal Ligament The fibrous CONNECTIVE TISSUE surrounding the TOOTH ROOT, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS). Alveolodental Ligament,Alveolodental Membrane,Gomphosis,Alveolodental Ligaments,Alveolodental Membranes,Gomphoses,Ligament, Alveolodental,Ligament, Periodontal,Membrane, Alveolodental,Periodontal Ligaments
D003739 Dental Cementum The bonelike rigid connective tissue covering the root of a tooth from the cementoenamel junction to the apex and lining the apex of the root canal, also assisting in tooth support by serving as attachment structures for the periodontal ligament. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992) Cementoblasts,Cementum,Cementoblast,Cementum, Dental
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012391 Root Resorption Resorption in which cementum or dentin is lost from the root of a tooth owing to cementoclastic or osteoclastic activity in conditions such as trauma of occlusion or neoplasms. (Dorland, 27th ed) Resorption, Root,Resorptions, Root,Root Resorptions
D014087 Tooth Movement Techniques Orthodontic techniques used to correct the malposition of a tooth or teeth. Tooth Depression,Tooth Intrusion,Tooth Movement, Minor,Tooth Uprighting,Orthodontic Tooth Movement,Depression, Tooth,Depressions, Tooth,Intrusion, Tooth,Intrusions, Tooth,Minor Tooth Movement,Minor Tooth Movements,Movement Technique, Tooth,Movement Techniques, Tooth,Movement, Orthodontic Tooth,Movements, Orthodontic Tooth,Orthodontic Tooth Movements,Technique, Tooth Movement,Techniques, Tooth Movement,Tooth Depressions,Tooth Intrusions,Tooth Movement Technique,Tooth Movement, Orthodontic,Tooth Movements, Minor,Tooth Movements, Orthodontic,Tooth Uprightings,Uprighting, Tooth,Uprightings, Tooth
D014092 Tooth Root The part of a tooth from the neck to the apex, embedded in the alveolar process and covered with cementum. A root may be single or divided into several branches, usually identified by their relative position, e.g., lingual root or buccal root. Single-rooted teeth include mandibular first and second premolars and the maxillary second premolar teeth. The maxillary first premolar has two roots in most cases. Maxillary molars have three roots. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p690) Root, Tooth,Roots, Tooth,Tooth Roots
D014945 Wound Healing Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue. Healing, Wound,Healings, Wound,Wound Healings
D055114 X-Ray Microtomography X-RAY COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY with resolution in the micrometer range. MicroCT,Microcomputed Tomography,X-Ray Micro-CAT Scans,X-Ray Micro-CT,X-Ray Micro-CT Scans,X-Ray Micro-Computed Tomography,X-Ray Microcomputed Tomography,X-ray MicroCT,Xray Micro-CT,Xray MicroCT,Micro-CAT Scan, X-Ray,Micro-CAT Scans, X-Ray,Micro-CT Scan, X-Ray,Micro-CT Scans, X-Ray,Micro-CT, X-Ray,Micro-CT, Xray,Micro-CTs, X-Ray,Micro-CTs, Xray,Micro-Computed Tomography, X-Ray,MicroCT, X-ray,MicroCT, Xray,MicroCTs,MicroCTs, X-ray,MicroCTs, Xray,Microcomputed Tomography, X-Ray,Microtomography, X-Ray,Scan, X-Ray Micro-CAT,Scan, X-Ray Micro-CT,Scans, X-Ray Micro-CAT,Scans, X-Ray Micro-CT,Tomography, Microcomputed,Tomography, X-Ray Micro-Computed,Tomography, X-Ray Microcomputed,X Ray Micro CAT Scans,X Ray Micro CT,X Ray Micro CT Scans,X Ray Micro Computed Tomography,X Ray Microcomputed Tomography,X Ray Microtomography,X ray MicroCT,X-Ray Micro-CAT Scan,X-Ray Micro-CT Scan,X-Ray Micro-CTs,X-ray MicroCTs,Xray Micro CT,Xray Micro-CTs,Xray MicroCTs

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