Biomaterial Database

Tuberculous meningitis in children: treatment with isoniazid and rifampicin for twelve months. 1989

P Visudhiphan, and S Chiemchanya

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Patients with tuberculous meningitis were treated with isoniazid and rifampicin for 12 months. To evaluate the result of treatment, we studied the outcome of patients treated from January 1979 to December 1985. Of the 51 patients, 27 were female, and 5, 25, and 21 patients were in the first, second, and third stages of the disease, respectively. Increased intracranial pressure of greater than 200 mm H2O was observed in 42 patients. Three patients required ventriculostomy, and one of them needed ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Three patients died within the first week of admission, and four patients were lost to follow-up. Forty-four patients were followed for 1 1/2 to 7 years; 31 of them recovered completely. Thirteen patients recovered with neurologic sequelae, which included mental retardation, motor weakness, seizures, and hydrocephalus. No serious side effect of the drugs were observed except for transient elevation of liver enzyme activities in four patients. The combination of isoniazid and rifampicin for 1 year, with appropriate management of increased intracranial pressure, seemed to be safe and effective enough to be used as a routine treatment of tuberculous meningitis in areas where resistance to these drugs is uncommon.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D007538	Isoniazid	Antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic. It remains the treatment of choice for tuberculosis.	Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide,Ftivazide,Isonex,Isonicotinic Acid Vanillylidenehydrazide,Phthivazid,Phthivazide,Tubazide,Acid Vanillylidenehydrazide, Isonicotinic,Hydrazide, Isonicotinic Acid,Vanillylidenehydrazide, Isonicotinic Acid
D008297	Male		Males
D008607	Intellectual Disability	Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)	Disability, Intellectual,Idiocy,Mental Retardation,Retardation, Mental,Deficiency, Mental,Intellectual Development Disorder,Mental Deficiency,Mental Retardation, Psychosocial,Deficiencies, Mental,Development Disorder, Intellectual,Development Disorders, Intellectual,Disabilities, Intellectual,Disorder, Intellectual Development,Disorders, Intellectual Development,Intellectual Development Disorders,Intellectual Disabilities,Mental Deficiencies,Mental Retardations, Psychosocial,Psychosocial Mental Retardation,Psychosocial Mental Retardations,Retardation, Psychosocial Mental,Retardations, Psychosocial Mental
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D004359	Drug Therapy, Combination	Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.	Combination Chemotherapy,Polychemotherapy,Chemotherapy, Combination,Combination Drug Therapy,Drug Polytherapy,Therapy, Combination Drug,Chemotherapies, Combination,Combination Chemotherapies,Combination Drug Therapies,Drug Polytherapies,Drug Therapies, Combination,Polychemotherapies,Polytherapies, Drug,Polytherapy, Drug,Therapies, Combination Drug
D005260	Female		Females
D005500	Follow-Up Studies	Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.	Followup Studies,Follow Up Studies,Follow-Up Study,Followup Study,Studies, Follow-Up,Studies, Followup,Study, Follow-Up,Study, Followup
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man