Pomegranate peel polyphenols inhibit lipid accumulation and enhance cholesterol efflux in raw264.7 macrophages. 2016

Shengjuan Zhao, and Jianke Li, and Lifang Wang, and Xiaoxia Wu
College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China and College of Food & Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471023, China.

Macrophage cholesterol accumulation and foam cell formation are the hallmarks of early atherogenesis. Many plant polyphenols have been shown to inhibit macrophage foam cell formation and the development of atherosclerotic lesions. However, the effect of pomegranate peel polyphenols on foam cells remains unclear. In this study, the potential atheroprotective actions of pomegranate peel polyphenols on cholesterol accumulation and outflow in raw264.7 macrophages, and the mechanisms, were investigated. The results showed that the pomegranate peel polyphenols reduced ox-LDL internalization to diminish foam cell formation, as measured by oil-red O staining in raw264.7 macrophages, which may be due to decreasing the macrophage CD36 protein expression and not SR-A. In addition, pomegranate peel polyphenols promoted apoA-1-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux by up-regulating ABCA1 and LXRα at the mRNA and protein levels, independently of ABCG1 and PPARγ.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002470 Cell Survival The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability. Cell Viability,Cell Viabilities,Survival, Cell,Viabilities, Cell,Viability, Cell
D002784 Cholesterol The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. Epicholesterol
D005487 Foam Cells Lipid-laden macrophages originating from monocytes or from smooth muscle cells. Cell, Foam,Cells, Foam,Foam Cell
D005786 Gene Expression Regulation Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation. Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D000067996 RAW 264.7 Cells A transformed macrophage cell line isolated from ASCITES of mice infected with ABELSON MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS. RAW 264.7 Cell Line,264.7 Cell, RAW,264.7 Cells, RAW,Cell, RAW 264.7,Cells, RAW 264.7,RAW 264.7 Cell
D000070998 ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1 ATP binding cassette transporter that functions primarily as a lipid and CHOLESTEROL exporter in MACROPHAGES. It may also function in intracellular lipid transport and homoeostasis. ABCG1 Protein,ABCG1 Transporter,ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family G, Member 1,ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter 8,White Protein Homolog,ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 8
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012333 RNA, Messenger RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm. Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated
D016632 Apolipoprotein A-I The most abundant protein component of HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS or HDL. This protein serves as an acceptor for CHOLESTEROL released from cells thus promoting efflux of cholesterol to HDL then to the LIVER for excretion from the body (reverse cholesterol transport). It also acts as a cofactor for LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE that forms CHOLESTEROL ESTERS on the HDL particles. Mutations of this gene APOA1 cause HDL deficiency, such as in FAMILIAL ALPHA LIPOPROTEIN DEFICIENCY DISEASE and in some patients with TANGIER DISEASE. Apo A-I,Apo A-1,Apo A-I Isoproteins,Apo A1,Apo AI,ApoA-1,ApoA-I,Apolipoprotein A-1,Apolipoprotein A-I Isoprotein-2,Apolipoprotein A-I Isoprotein-4,Apolipoprotein A-I Isoproteins,Apolipoprotein A1,Apolipoprotein AI,Apolipoprotein AI Propeptide,Pro-Apo A-I,Pro-Apolipoprotein A-I,Proapolipoprotein AI,Apo A I Isoproteins,Apolipoprotein A 1,Apolipoprotein A I,Apolipoprotein A I Isoprotein 2,Apolipoprotein A I Isoprotein 4,Apolipoprotein A I Isoproteins,Pro Apo A I,Pro Apolipoprotein A I
D050356 Lipid Metabolism Physiological processes in biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of LIPIDS. Metabolism, Lipid

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