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Cell-free translation in Krebs-2 extracts was optimized for RNAs of two plant viruses; potato virus X (PVX, potexvirus), and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV, tobamovirus). PVX and TMV RNAs programmed synthesis of similar sets of polypeptides in both the Krebs-2 extracts and the rabbit reticulocyte lysates, major virus-specific products being the same in molecular weight in both in vitro systems. PVX structural protein (p29) was absent among polypeptides synthesized in the Krebs-2 system but was readily identified by immuno-precipitation among the ones synthesized in the reticulocyte lysate system. The "cap" analog, m7Gpp, inhibited the synthesis of all the polypeptides programmed by PVX RNA in the Krebs-2 system. The synthesis of only a few of the most high molecular weight products in the reticulocyte lysate system was inhibited, the synthesis of a number of low molecular weight products (and among them p29) was even stimulated. Thus, the PVX capped messengers derived from PVX genomic RNA due to its fragmentation with endogenous nuclease activities. The use of the Krebs-2 system allows to avoid activation of internal PVX genes.
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