The paper analyzes the disadvantages and limitations of qualitative chemical analysis the results of which many urological institutions depend on. The author presents first results of the standardization and control of cystolithiasis examination showing a marked improvement in accuracy. At present, the greatest advantage, especially from the economical aspect, is seen in a combination of polarization microscopy and quantitative chemical analysis. The paper discusses the results of a study carried out at the urological departments in the Czech Socialist Republic with regard to the availability and quality of urinary concrement analysis.