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The Cardiac Conduction System: Generation and Conduction of the Cardiac Impulse. 2016

Alan Kennedy, and Dewar D Finlay, and Daniel Guldenring, and Raymond Bond, and Kieran Moran, and James McLaughlin
The Engineering Research Institute (ERI), School of Engineering, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Newtownabbey, County Antrim BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland. Electronic address: Kennedy-A23@email.ulster.ac.uk.

In this article, the authors outline the key components behind the automated generation of the cardiac impulses and the effect these impulses have on cardiac myocytes. Also, a description of the key components of the normal cardiac conduction system is provided, including the sinoatrial node, the atrioventricular node, the His bundle, the bundle branches, and the Purkinje network. Finally, an outline of how each stage of the cardiac conduction system is represented on the electrocardiogram is described, allowing the reader of the electrocardiogram to translate background information about the normal cardiac conduction system to everyday clinical practice.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002036 Bundle of His Small band of specialized CARDIAC MUSCLE fibers that originates in the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE and extends into the membranous part of the interventricular septum. The bundle of His, consisting of the left and the right bundle branches, conducts the electrical impulses to the HEART VENTRICLES in generation of MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Atrioventricular Bundle,Anterior Fascicle,Kent-His Bundle,Left Bundle Branch of His,Posterior Fascicle,Right Bundle Branch of His,Atrioventricular Bundles,Bundle, Atrioventricular,Bundle, Kent-His,Bundles, Atrioventricular,Fascicle, Anterior,Fascicle, Posterior,His Bundle,Kent His Bundle
D004562 Electrocardiography Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY. 12-Lead ECG,12-Lead EKG,12-Lead Electrocardiography,Cardiography,ECG,EKG,Electrocardiogram,Electrocardiograph,12 Lead ECG,12 Lead EKG,12 Lead Electrocardiography,12-Lead ECGs,12-Lead EKGs,12-Lead Electrocardiographies,Cardiographies,ECG, 12-Lead,EKG, 12-Lead,Electrocardiograms,Electrocardiographies, 12-Lead,Electrocardiographs,Electrocardiography, 12-Lead
D006329 Heart Conduction System An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart. Conduction System, Heart,Conduction Systems, Heart,Heart Conduction Systems,System, Heart Conduction,Systems, Heart Conduction
D006339 Heart Rate The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute. Cardiac Rate,Chronotropism, Cardiac,Heart Rate Control,Heartbeat,Pulse Rate,Cardiac Chronotropy,Cardiac Chronotropism,Cardiac Rates,Chronotropy, Cardiac,Control, Heart Rate,Heart Rates,Heartbeats,Pulse Rates,Rate Control, Heart,Rate, Cardiac,Rate, Heart,Rate, Pulse
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001283 Atrioventricular Node A small nodular mass of specialized muscle fibers located in the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus. It gives rise to the atrioventricular bundle of the conduction system of the heart. AV Node,A-V Node,Atrio-Ventricular Node,A V Node,A-V Nodes,AV Nodes,Atrio Ventricular Node,Atrio-Ventricular Nodes,Atrioventricular Nodes,Node, A-V,Node, AV,Node, Atrio-Ventricular,Node, Atrioventricular,Nodes, A-V,Nodes, AV,Nodes, Atrio-Ventricular,Nodes, Atrioventricular
D012849 Sinoatrial Node The small mass of modified cardiac muscle fibers located at the junction of the superior vena cava (VENA CAVA, SUPERIOR) and right atrium. Contraction impulses probably start in this node, spread over the atrium (HEART ATRIUM) and are then transmitted by the atrioventricular bundle (BUNDLE OF HIS) to the ventricle (HEART VENTRICLE). Sinuatrial Node,Sinus Node,Sino-Atrial Node,Sinu-Atrial Node,Node, Sino-Atrial,Node, Sinoatrial,Node, Sinu-Atrial,Node, Sinuatrial,Node, Sinus,Nodes, Sino-Atrial,Nodes, Sinoatrial,Nodes, Sinu-Atrial,Nodes, Sinuatrial,Nodes, Sinus,Sino Atrial Node,Sino-Atrial Nodes,Sinoatrial Nodes,Sinu Atrial Node,Sinu-Atrial Nodes,Sinuatrial Nodes,Sinus Nodes
D064648 Critical Care Nursing A nursing specialty that deals specifically with the care of patients who are critically ill. Intensive Care Nursing,Nursing, Critical Care,Nursing, Intensive Care

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