BACKGROUND Given the very dangerous situation in relation to cardiovascular morbidity, purpose of the study was to identify the main risk factors of hypertension among the population of Poltava region, to determine their role in the formation of this pathology. OBJECTIVE study the factors for development of hypertension in Poltava region Material and methods: The study was conducted by anonymous questionnaires of adults of Poltava region (1285 individuals in 2 groups: 563 individuals with hypertension, 722 people - healthy). The data, obtained in the study, were processed using special software - IBM SPSS Statistic Version 22.0. By logistic regression were identified risk factors that significantly affect the development of hypertension. RESULTS According to the study identified major, statistically significant risk factors of hypertension among the population of Poltava region. Proved reliable impact these risk factors: age (over 40 years) - OR - 7.9, CI - 6,132-10,176, (p<0,001), gender (male) - OR - 1.899, CI - 1,512-2,386, (p<0,001), BMI (obesity) - OR - 3.9632, CI - 2,881-4,580, (p<0,001), smoking - OR - 1.918, CI - 1,263-2,913, (p=0,002), consumption of dairy products (occasionally) - OR - 1,553, CI - 1,215-1,985, (p<0,001), consumption of pork (often) - OR - 1,805, CI - 1,422-2,290, (p<0,001), consumption of beef (occasionally) - OR - 1,547, CI - 1,229-1,949, (p=0,006), consumption of smoked meat (often) - OR - 1,341, CI - 1,070-1,678, (p=0,006), consumption of sweets (often) - OR - 1,510, CI - 1,210-1,884, (p<0,001), night sleep (restless) - OR - 1,762, CI - 1,279-2,426, (p<0,001), duration of sleep (less than 6 hours) OR - 1,648, CI - 1,126-2,411, (p=0,01), physical activity (low) - OR - 2,734, CI - 2,102-3,555, (p<0,001), nature of the rest (passive) - OR - 2,476, CI - 1,970-3,112, (p<0,001), feeling stress (always) - OR - 1,537, CI - 1,227-1,926, (p<0,001), relations at home (tense) - OR - 3,072, CI - 1,517-6,221, (p=0,001), CVD in the family - OR - 1,397, CI - 1,110-1,758, (p=0,004), discomfort in the heart aria - OR - 3,090, CI - 2,453-3,893, (p<0,001), self-treatment - OR - 1.942, CI - 1,553-2,428, (p<0,001). CONCLUSIONS The study found regional differences in risk factors of hypertension among the population of Poltava region, emphasized the need to increase attention of health professionals of primary care for problems of cardiovascular disease, make a point of the need to intensify primary prevention, modernization of behavior on health among population, promotion of the principles of a healthy lifestyle.