Biomaterial Database

LSD and other related hallucinogens elicit myoclonic jumping behavior in the guinea pig. 1989

P Carvey, and P Nausieda, and R Weertz, and H Klawans

Dept. of Neurological Sciences, Rush Presbyterian St. Lukes Medical Center, Chicago, IL.

1. We evaluated the behavioral response of guinea pigs to hallucinogenic agents in order to characterize the response of this species to a variety of known hallucinogenic drugs. 2. The systemic injection of LSD in the guinea pig elicited a "myoclonic-like" response the frequency of which was dose-dependent. This behavior exhibited rapid tolerance which was more prominent at higher doses. 3. Subacute mescaline pretreatment reduced the myoclonic response to LSD suggesting cross-tolerance. 4. Mescaline, DOM, TMA, DMA and 5 Me-ODMT also elicited myoclonus in a dose-dependent manner and in potency ratios which approximate the human experience for hallucinogenic activity. 5. Brom-LSD failed to induce myoclonus. 6. Since the myoclonic response of the guinea pig shares a number of pharmacologic characteristics with the human hallucinogenic event, this species may be useful in the study of hallucinogenic compounds.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008238	Lysergic Acid Diethylamide	Semisynthetic derivative of ergot (Claviceps purpurea). It has complex effects on serotonergic systems including antagonism at some peripheral serotonin receptors, both agonist and antagonist actions at central nervous system serotonin receptors, and possibly effects on serotonin turnover. It is a potent hallucinogen, but the mechanisms of that effect are not well understood.	LSD,Lysergide,LSD-25,Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Tartrate,Acid Diethylamide, Lysergic,Diethylamide, Lysergic Acid,LSD 25
D008297	Male		Males
D008635	Mescaline	Hallucinogenic alkaloid isolated from the flowering heads (peyote) of Lophophora (formerly Anhalonium) williamsii, a Mexican cactus used in Indian religious rites and as an experimental psychotomimetic. Among its cellular effects are agonist actions at some types of serotonin receptors. It has no accepted therapeutic uses although it is legal for religious use by members of the Native American Church.	Mezcalin,Peyote,Trimethoxyphenethylamine,3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenethylamine
D009043	Motor Activity	Body movements of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.	Activities, Motor,Activity, Motor,Motor Activities
D009207	Myoclonus	Involuntary shock-like contractions, irregular in rhythm and amplitude, followed by relaxation, of a muscle or a group of muscles. This condition may be a feature of some CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; (e.g., EPILEPSY, MYOCLONIC). Nocturnal myoclonus is the principal feature of the NOCTURNAL MYOCLONUS SYNDROME. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp102-3).	Myoclonus, Action,Myoclonus, Nocturnal,Myoclonus, Palatal,Polymyoclonus,Myoclonic Jerk,Myoclonic Jerking,Myoclonus Simplex,Myoclonus, Eyelid,Myoclonus, Intention,Myoclonus, Lower Extremity,Myoclonus, Oculopalatal,Myoclonus, Segmental,Myoclonus, Sleep,Myoclonus, Upper Extremity,Action Myoclonus,Extremity Myoclonus, Lower,Extremity Myoclonus, Upper,Eyelid Myoclonus,Intention Myoclonus,Jerk, Myoclonic,Jerking, Myoclonic,Jerks, Myoclonic,Lower Extremity Myoclonus,Myoclonic Jerks,Nocturnal Myoclonus,Oculopalatal Myoclonus,Palatal Myoclonus,Segmental Myoclonus,Simplex, Myoclonus,Sleep Myoclonus,Upper Extremity Myoclonus
D004195	Disease Models, Animal	Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D004305	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.	Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004361	Drug Tolerance	Progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, resulting from its continued administration. It should be differentiated from DRUG RESISTANCE wherein an organism, disease, or tissue fails to respond to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should also be differentiated from MAXIMUM TOLERATED DOSE and NO-OBSERVED-ADVERSE-EFFECT LEVEL.	Drug Tolerances,Tolerance, Drug,Tolerances, Drug
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D006213	Hallucinogens	Drugs capable of inducing illusions, hallucinations, delusions, paranoid ideations, and other alterations of mood and thinking. Despite the name, the feature that distinguishes these agents from other classes of drugs is their capacity to induce states of altered perception, thought, and feeling that are not experienced otherwise.	Hallucinogen,Hallucinogenic Agent,Hallucinogenic Drug,Hallucinogenic Substance,Psychedelic,Psychedelic Agent,Psychedelic Agents,Psychotomimetic Agent,Psychotomimetic Agents,Hallucinogenic Agents,Hallucinogenic Drugs,Hallucinogenic Substances,Psychedelics,Agent, Hallucinogenic,Agent, Psychedelic,Agent, Psychotomimetic,Agents, Hallucinogenic,Agents, Psychedelic,Agents, Psychotomimetic,Drug, Hallucinogenic,Drugs, Hallucinogenic,Substance, Hallucinogenic,Substances, Hallucinogenic