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Regulation of expression of avian slow myosin heavy-chain isoforms. 1989

S K Reid, and J M Kennedy, and N Shimizu, and A Stewart, and G Vrbova, and R Zak
Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637.

The slow tonic anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) muscle of the chicken contains two isomyosins, namely SM-1 and SM-2. The proportions of the two isoforms change with age, SM-2 expression increasing at the expense of SM-1. Applying a load on the wing increases the rate and extent of SM-1 replacement. Here we have demonstrated that decreasing the load by removal of the distal portion of the wing in 1-week-old chickens had an effect opposite to that of overloading in that it slowed muscle growth and the rate of SM-1 elimination. Experimental unloading of muscles previously weighted for 1 or 3 weeks slowed the growth rate of muscles, with consequent regression of relative hypertrophy; however, it did not lead to the reexpression of SM-1 myosin. This indicates that the overload-induced changes in myosin expression are not readily reversible. Nerve section produced unexpected results, in that it advanced the normal developmental shift in myosin expression toward predominance of the SM-2 isoform, similar to the effect of muscle overload.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007536 Isomerism The phenomenon whereby certain chemical compounds have structures that are different although the compounds possess the same elemental composition. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed) Isomerisms
D009121 Muscle Denervation The resection or removal of the innervation of a muscle or muscle tissue. Denervation, Muscle,Denervations, Muscle,Muscle Denervations
D009218 Myosins A diverse superfamily of proteins that function as translocating proteins. They share the common characteristics of being able to bind ACTINS and hydrolyze MgATP. Myosins generally consist of heavy chains which are involved in locomotion, and light chains which are involved in regulation. Within the structure of myosin heavy chain are three domains: the head, the neck and the tail. The head region of the heavy chain contains the actin binding domain and MgATPase domain which provides energy for locomotion. The neck region is involved in binding the light-chains. The tail region provides the anchoring point that maintains the position of the heavy chain. The superfamily of myosins is organized into structural classes based upon the type and arrangement of the subunits they contain. Myosin ATPase,ATPase, Actin-Activated,ATPase, Actomyosin,ATPase, Myosin,Actin-Activated ATPase,Actomyosin ATPase,Actomyosin Adenosinetriphosphatase,Adenosine Triphosphatase, Myosin,Adenosinetriphosphatase, Actomyosin,Adenosinetriphosphatase, Myosin,Myosin,Myosin Adenosinetriphosphatase,ATPase, Actin Activated,Actin Activated ATPase,Myosin Adenosine Triphosphatase
D002645 Chickens Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA. Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D005786 Gene Expression Regulation Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation. Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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