The Influence of Age on Hemodynamic Parameters During Rest and Exercise in Healthy Individuals. 2017

Emil Wolsk, and Rine Bakkestrøm, and Jacob H Thomsen, and Louise Balling, and Mads J Andersen, and Jordi S Dahl, and Christian Hassager, and Jakob E Møller, and Finn Gustafsson
Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: wolsk@dadlnet.dk.

In this study, the authors sought to obtain hemodynamic estimates across a wide age span and in both sexes for future reference and compare these estimates with current guideline diagnostic hemodynamic thresholds for abnormal filling pressure and pulmonary hypertension. At present, the influence of age on hemodynamic function is largely unknown. Because many diseases with proposed cardiac impact are more prevalent in the older population, it is pivotal to know how hemodynamic parameters are affected by age itself to discern the influence of disease from that of physiological aging. Sixty-two healthy participants, evenly distributed with respect to age (20 to 80 years) and sex (32 women/30 men), were prospectively enrolled in the study. Participants were all deemed healthy by medical history, echocardiography, exercise test, spirometry, blood tests, and electrocardiogram. Participants had hemodynamic parameters measured using right heart catheterization during rest, passive leg raise, and incremental exercise. During rest, all hemodynamic parameters were similar between age groups, apart from blood pressure. During leg raise and incremental exercise, there was augmented filling pressure (p < 0.0001) and diminished cardiac output (p = 0.001) and hence a higher pressure:flow ratio (pulmonary artery pressure/capillary wedge pressure to cardiac output) with progressive age, evident from the earliest ages. All indexed hemodynamic measures were similar between sexes. The diagnostic threshold (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ≥25 mm Hg) currently used during exercise testing to diagnose abnormal left ventricular filling pressure was measured in 30% of our healthy elderly participants. Cardiac aging was progressive without sex differences in healthy participants. The hemodynamic reference values obtained suggest that the diagnostic threshold for abnormal filling pressure should be individually determined according to age of the patient.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D011669 Pulmonary Wedge Pressure The blood pressure as recorded after wedging a CATHETER in a small PULMONARY ARTERY; believed to reflect the PRESSURE in the pulmonary CAPILLARIES. Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure,Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure,Pulmonary Venous Wedge Pressure,Wedge Pressure,Pressure, Pulmonary Wedge,Pressures, Pulmonary Wedge,Pulmonary Wedge Pressures,Wedge Pressure, Pulmonary,Wedge Pressures, Pulmonary,Pressure, Wedge,Pressures, Wedge,Wedge Pressures
D012016 Reference Values The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality. Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D012146 Rest Freedom from activity. Rests
D003718 Denmark A country in northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. The capital is Copenhagen. Faeroe Islands,Faroe Islands
D005080 Exercise Test Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used. Arm Ergometry Test,Bicycle Ergometry Test,Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing,Exercise Testing,Step Test,Stress Test,Treadmill Test,Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test,EuroFit Tests,Eurofit Test Battery,European Fitness Testing Battery,Fitness Testing,Physical Fitness Testing,Arm Ergometry Tests,Bicycle Ergometry Tests,Cardiopulmonary Exercise Tests,Ergometry Test, Arm,Ergometry Test, Bicycle,Ergometry Tests, Arm,Ergometry Tests, Bicycle,EuroFit Test,Eurofit Test Batteries,Exercise Test, Cardiopulmonary,Exercise Testing, Cardiopulmonary,Exercise Tests,Exercise Tests, Cardiopulmonary,Fitness Testing, Physical,Fitness Testings,Step Tests,Stress Tests,Test Battery, Eurofit,Test, Arm Ergometry,Test, Bicycle Ergometry,Test, Cardiopulmonary Exercise,Test, EuroFit,Test, Exercise,Test, Step,Test, Stress,Test, Treadmill,Testing, Cardiopulmonary Exercise,Testing, Exercise,Testing, Fitness,Testing, Physical Fitness,Tests, Arm Ergometry,Tests, Bicycle Ergometry,Tests, Cardiopulmonary Exercise,Tests, EuroFit,Tests, Exercise,Tests, Step,Tests, Stress,Tests, Treadmill,Treadmill Tests
D005260 Female Females
D006328 Cardiac Catheterization Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures. Catheterization, Cardiac,Catheterization, Heart,Heart Catheterization,Cardiac Catheterizations,Catheterizations, Cardiac,Catheterizations, Heart,Heart Catheterizations
D006439 Hemodynamics The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. Hemodynamic

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