The distribution of dopamine-containing perikarya and fibres in the central nervous system of the eel, Anguilla anguilla, was determined by using a specific dopamine antiserum. Telencephalic dopamine-immunoreactive somata are located in the external cell layer of the olfactory bulb and throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the subpallium; immunoreactive fibres are located primarily in the bulb and in ventral and lateral portions of the hemispheres. Diencephalic dopamine-immunoreactive neurons are associated with the ventricles in the preoptic area and hypothalamus and in the posterior tubercle. Many of the neurons in the hypothalamus are liquor-contacting. Very few immunoreactive neurons are located in the mesencephalon, and no dopamine-containing cells are found in regions that can be homologized with the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra of amniotes. There is a rich innervation of the medial octavolateralis nucleus and certain layers of the torus semicircularis and of the tectum. Dopamine-containing neurons are located in the vagal lobe, by the vagal motor nucleus and in the area postrema, which provides a rich dopaminergic innervation of the brainstem motor column and of the reticular formation. Immunoreactive liquor-contacting neurons line the central canal and another type of labelled neuron lies dorsally in the spinal cord.