Influence of iodide ingestion on nitrate metabolism and blood pressure following short-term dietary nitrate supplementation in healthy normotensive adults. 2017

Stephen J Bailey, and Jamie R Blackwell, and Lee J Wylie, and Annabelle Emery, and Ellie Taylor, and Paul G Winyard, and Andrew M Jones
Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK. Electronic address: S.Bailey2@lboro.ac.uk.

Uptake of inorganic nitrate (NO3-) into the salivary circulation is a rate-limiting step for dietary NO3- metabolism in mammals. It has been suggested that salivary NO3- uptake occurs in competition with inorganic iodide (I-). Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that I- supplementation would interfere with NO3- metabolism and blunt blood pressure reductions after dietary NO3- supplementation. Nine healthy adults (4 male, mean ± SD, age 20 ± 1 yr) reported to the laboratory for initial baseline assessment (control) and following six day supplementation periods with 140 mL·day-1 NO3--rich beetroot juice (8.4 mmol NO3-·day-1) and 198 mg potassium gluconate·day-1 (nitrate), and 140 mL·day-1 NO3--rich beetroot juice and 450 μg potassium iodide·day-1 (nitrate + iodide) in a randomized, cross-over experiment. Salivary [I-] was higher in the nitrate + iodide compared to the control and NIT trials (P < 0.05). Salivary and plasma [NO3-] and [NO2-] were higher in the nitrate and nitrate + iodide trials compared to the control trial (P < 0.05). Plasma [NO3-] was higher (474 ± 127 vs. 438 ± 117 μM) and the salivary-plasma [NO3-] ratio was lower (14 ± 6 vs. 20 ± 6 μM), indicative of a lower salivary NO3- uptake, in the nitrate + iodide trial compared to the nitrate trial (P < 0.05). Plasma and salivary [NO2-] were not different between the nitrate and nitrate + iodide trials (P > 0.05). Systolic blood pressure was lower than control (112 ± 13 mmHg) in the nitrate (106 ± 13 mmHg) and nitrate + iodide (106 ± 11 mmHg) trials (P < 0.05), with no differences between the nitrate and nitrate + iodide trials (P > 0.05). In conclusion, co-ingesting NO3- and I- perturbed salivary NO3- uptake, but the increase in salivary and plasma [NO2-] and the lowering of blood pressure were similar compared to NO3- ingestion alone. Therefore, increased dietary I- intake, which is recommended in several countries worldwide as an initiative to offset hypothyroidism, does not appear to compromise the blood pressure reduction afforded by increased dietary NO3- intake.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007454 Iodides Inorganic binary compounds of iodine or the I- ion. Iodide
D008297 Male Males
D009566 Nitrates Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical. Nitrate
D009573 Nitrites Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M Nitrite
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000067030 Fruit and Vegetable Juices The liquids extracted from plants. Fruit Juices,Vegetable Juices,Fruit Juice,Juice, Fruit,Juice, Vegetable,Juices, Fruit,Juices, Vegetable,Vegetable Juice
D012463 Saliva The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the SALIVARY GLANDS and mucous glands of the mouth. It contains MUCINS, water, organic salts, and ptylin. Salivas
D055815 Young Adult A person between 19 and 24 years of age. Adult, Young,Adults, Young,Young Adults

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