At a historical approach in studying the lymphatic system the role of the method for investigation of this important drainage system of the organism is noted. Certain modern morphological methods of investigation are presented. Their high degree of informativeness+ and perspectives of their application for widening the notion of lymphology as a science are shown. Problems necessary to be solved in connection with a successful adoption into clinical practice of operative methods of lymphocorrection are determined. Concrete tasks for investigating morphology, function and pathology of lymph nodes and lymph transport are proposed.