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The Monitoring System for Adverse Events Following Immunization of the Centers for Disease Control collects data on events temporally related to immunization. Occasionally, reports are received of neurologic disturbances temporally related to receipt of vaccine. Most of these disturbances are events that regularly occur in the absence of immunization. It is then difficult to determine whether the relationship between the immunization and illness is causal or coincidental. We developed a method to assess causation of serious neurologic events by probability theory. By combining epidemiologic information on disease incidence with specific elements of the patient history, an estimate of the odds of vaccine causation can be derived, based on rational assumptions rather than observer bias. The result is not a diagnosis but an estimate of probability.
G M Fenichel, and
D A Lane, and
J R Livengood, and
S J Horwitz, and
J H Menkes, and
J F Schwartz
March 2019,
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G M Fenichel, and
D A Lane, and
J R Livengood, and
S J Horwitz, and
J H Menkes, and
J F Schwartz
January 1985,
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report,
G M Fenichel, and
D A Lane, and
J R Livengood, and
S J Horwitz, and
J H Menkes, and
J F Schwartz
June 1991,
Indian pediatrics,
G M Fenichel, and
D A Lane, and
J R Livengood, and
S J Horwitz, and
J H Menkes, and
J F Schwartz
January 2014,
Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics,
G M Fenichel, and
D A Lane, and
J R Livengood, and
S J Horwitz, and
J H Menkes, and
J F Schwartz
January 2016,
Igiene e sanita pubblica,
G M Fenichel, and
D A Lane, and
J R Livengood, and
S J Horwitz, and
J H Menkes, and
J F Schwartz
January 2014,
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics,
G M Fenichel, and
D A Lane, and
J R Livengood, and
S J Horwitz, and
J H Menkes, and
J F Schwartz
November 2002,
The New Zealand medical journal,
G M Fenichel, and
D A Lane, and
J R Livengood, and
S J Horwitz, and
J H Menkes, and
J F Schwartz
March 2001,
Releve epidemiologique hebdomadaire,
G M Fenichel, and
D A Lane, and
J R Livengood, and
S J Horwitz, and
J H Menkes, and
J F Schwartz
January 2017,
Revista brasileira de enfermagem,
G M Fenichel, and
D A Lane, and
J R Livengood, and
S J Horwitz, and
J H Menkes, and
J F Schwartz
June 2007,
Current opinion in infectious diseases,
