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Three experiments evaluated the effects of ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) dose and duration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers. In total, 1,509 crossbred steers (530 kg initial BW [SD 22]) were used in a randomized complete block design using a 3 × 3 factorial treatment structure. Treatments consisted of RAC dose (0, 100, or 200 mg/steer daily) and duration (28, 35, or 42 d) of RAC feeding prior to harvest. Initiation of RAC dose was staggered (7 d apart) based on RAC duration, which resulted in common days on feed among treatments. Data from the 3 experiments were combined for statistical analyses. There were no RAC dose × duration interactions ( ≥ 0.85) for growth performance. Live final BW was not different ( ≥ 0.24) as RAC dose increased. Dry matter intake linearly decreased ( < 0.01) as RAC dose increased. Live ADG and G:F linearly increased ( ≤ 0.01) as RAC dose increased. Carcass-adjusted ADG and G:F linearly increased ( ≤ 0.02) as RAC dose increased. Compared with steers fed 0 mg RAC/steer daily, G:F was improved by 5.0 and 13.0% when steers were fed 100 ( = 0.31) and 200 ( = 0.01) mg RAC/steer daily, respectively. Hot carcass weight tended ( = 0.10) to linearly increase as RAC dose increased, with carcasses from steers fed 100 ( = 0.38) and 200 ( = 0.10) mg RAC/steer daily being 2.2 and 4.1 kg heavier, respectively, than carcasses from steers fed 0 mg RAC/steer daily. Increasing RAC dose linearly ( < 0.01) increased LM area and linearly ( = 0.02) decreased marbling score. Live final BW was not different ( ≥ 0.60) among RAC durations. Carcass-adjusted final BW, ADG, and G:F were not different ( ≥ 0.41) as RAC duration increased. Carcass traits did not differ ( ≥ 0.18) among RAC duration. Feeding 200 mg RAC/steer daily improved ADG, feed efficiency, and HCW. Increasing the feeding duration of RAC had no effect of growth performance or carcass characteristics. These data indicate that feeding 200 mg RAC/steer daily for 28 d improves steer growth performance.
C J Bittner, and
G I Crawford, and
L L Berger, and
S Holt, and
R R Pritchard, and
W J Platter, and
M T Van Koevering, and
N A Pyatt, and
G E Erickson
January 2017,
Journal of animal science,
C J Bittner, and
G I Crawford, and
L L Berger, and
S Holt, and
R R Pritchard, and
W J Platter, and
M T Van Koevering, and
N A Pyatt, and
G E Erickson
December 2012,
Meat science,
C J Bittner, and
G I Crawford, and
L L Berger, and
S Holt, and
R R Pritchard, and
W J Platter, and
M T Van Koevering, and
N A Pyatt, and
G E Erickson
September 2014,
Journal of animal science,
C J Bittner, and
G I Crawford, and
L L Berger, and
S Holt, and
R R Pritchard, and
W J Platter, and
M T Van Koevering, and
N A Pyatt, and
G E Erickson
April 2021,
Translational animal science,
C J Bittner, and
G I Crawford, and
L L Berger, and
S Holt, and
R R Pritchard, and
W J Platter, and
M T Van Koevering, and
N A Pyatt, and
G E Erickson
July 2019,
Translational animal science,
C J Bittner, and
G I Crawford, and
L L Berger, and
S Holt, and
R R Pritchard, and
W J Platter, and
M T Van Koevering, and
N A Pyatt, and
G E Erickson
January 2020,
Translational animal science,
C J Bittner, and
G I Crawford, and
L L Berger, and
S Holt, and
R R Pritchard, and
W J Platter, and
M T Van Koevering, and
N A Pyatt, and
G E Erickson
May 2018,
Journal of animal science,
C J Bittner, and
G I Crawford, and
L L Berger, and
S Holt, and
R R Pritchard, and
W J Platter, and
M T Van Koevering, and
N A Pyatt, and
G E Erickson
May 2016,
Journal of animal science,
C J Bittner, and
G I Crawford, and
L L Berger, and
S Holt, and
R R Pritchard, and
W J Platter, and
M T Van Koevering, and
N A Pyatt, and
G E Erickson
May 2021,
Journal of animal science,
C J Bittner, and
G I Crawford, and
L L Berger, and
S Holt, and
R R Pritchard, and
W J Platter, and
M T Van Koevering, and
N A Pyatt, and
G E Erickson
May 2010,
Journal of animal science,
