Human forearm arteriovenous differences of carnitine, short-chain acylcarnitine and long-chain acylcarnitine. 1989

K Bartlett, and A K Bhuiyan, and A Aynsley-Green, and P C Butler, and K G Alberti
Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, U.K.

1. Forearm arterial and venous concentrations of free carnitine, short-chain acylcarnitine, long-chain acylcarnitine, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, alanine, non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol, 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate were measured in fasted adult subjects. 2. In all subjects there was net uptake of short-chain acylcarnitine, 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate and net release of free carnitine and non-esterified fatty acids. The arteriovenous differences of the other metabolites were not consistent. 3. These observations support the concept that short-chain acylcarnitine (largely acetylcarnitine) contributes to the flux of metabolic fuels from the liver to muscle in the fasted state, although to a limited extent in comparison with 3-hydroxybutyrate (less than 5% on a molar basis).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002087 Butyrates Derivatives of BUTYRIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxypropane structure. Butyrate,n-Butyrate,Butanoic Acids,Butyric Acids,Acids, Butanoic,Acids, Butyric,n Butyrate
D002331 Carnitine A constituent of STRIATED MUSCLE and LIVER. It is an amino acid derivative and an essential cofactor for fatty acid metabolism. Bicarnesine,L-Carnitine,Levocarnitine,Vitamin BT,L Carnitine
D005215 Fasting Abstaining from FOOD. Hunger Strike,Hunger Strikes,Strike, Hunger,Strikes, Hunger
D005232 Fatty Acids, Volatile Short-chain fatty acids of up to six carbon atoms in length. They are the major end products of microbial fermentation in the ruminant digestive tract and have also been implicated in the causation of neurological diseases in humans. Fatty Acids, Short-Chain,Short-Chain Fatty Acid,Volatile Fatty Acid,Acid, Short-Chain Fatty,Acid, Volatile Fatty,Fatty Acid, Short-Chain,Fatty Acid, Volatile,Fatty Acids, Short Chain,Short Chain Fatty Acid,Short-Chain Fatty Acids,Volatile Fatty Acids
D005542 Forearm Part of the upper extremity in humans and primates extending from the ELBOW to the WRIST. Antebrachium,Antebrachiums,Forearms
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006885 Hydroxybutyrates Salts and esters of hydroxybutyric acid. Hydroxybutyric Acid Derivatives,Hydroxybutyric Acids,Acid Derivatives, Hydroxybutyric
D000090 Acetoacetates Salts and derivatives of acetoacetic acid.
D000108 Acetylcarnitine An acetic acid ester of CARNITINE that facilitates movement of ACETYL COA into the matrices of mammalian MITOCHONDRIA during the oxidation of FATTY ACIDS. Acetyl Carnitine,Medosan,Acetyl-L-Carnitine,Acetylcarnitine, (R)-Isomer,Alcar,Branigen,Levocarnitine Acetyl,Acetyl L Carnitine,Carnitine, Acetyl
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

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