Biomaterial Database

Percutaneous absorption of 3 organic solvents in the guinea pig (I). Effect of physical and chemical injuries to the skin. 1989

A Boman, and J E Wahlberg

Department of Occupational Dermatology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna, Sweden.

The influence of injuries on the percutaneous absorption of 3 organic solvents (butanol, toluene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane) was studied in the guinea pig. Acute (stripping, sandpaper abrasion, needle abrasion, delipidization) and subacute (irritant and allergic contact dermatitis) injuries were induced by physical or chemical treatment of the skin. Absorption of solvents was quantified by blood analysis. Induction of acute injuries markedly altered the absorption pattern of the solvents and correlated to their water solubility. Absorption of toluene and trichloroethane was reduced and that of butanol was increased compared to normal untreated skin. Subacute injuries had a less pronounced effect. Irritant and allergic contact dermatitis reduced the absorption of toluene and trichloroethane, and no effect was seen for butanol. For hydrophobic solvents, it is concluded that in acute injuries strata other than stratum corneum hold the barrier properties.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D003877	Dermatitis, Contact	A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	Contact Dermatitis,Dermatitis Venenata,Eczema, Contact,Hypersensitivity, Contact,Sensitivity, Contact,Contact Dermatitides,Contact Eczema,Contact Hypersensitivities,Contact Hypersensitivity,Contact Sensitivities,Contact Sensitivity,Dermatitides, Contact,Hypersensitivities, Contact,Sensitivities, Contact
D005260	Female		Females
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000440	Butanols	Isomeric forms and derivatives of butanol (C4H9OH).	Alcohols, Butyl,Butanol,Butylhydroxides,Hydroxybutanes,Butyl Alcohols
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012867	Skin	The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
D012869	Skin Absorption	Uptake of substances through the SKIN.	Absorption, Skin,Intracutaneous Absorption,Intradermal Absorption,Percutaneous Absorption,Transcutaneous Absorption,Transdermal Absorption,Absorption, Intracutaneous,Absorption, Intradermal,Absorption, Percutaneous,Absorption, Transcutaneous,Absorption, Transdermal,Absorptions, Intracutaneous,Absorptions, Intradermal,Absorptions, Percutaneous,Absorptions, Skin,Absorptions, Transcutaneous,Absorptions, Transdermal,Intracutaneous Absorptions,Intradermal Absorptions,Percutaneous Absorptions,Skin Absorptions,Transcutaneous Absorptions,Transdermal Absorptions
D012997	Solvents	Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Solvent
D014050	Toluene	A widely used industrial solvent.
D014240	Trichloroethanes	Chlorinated ethanes which are used extensively as industrial solvents. They have been utilized in numerous home-use products including spot remover preparations and inhalant decongestant sprays. These compounds cause central nervous system and cardiovascular depression and are hepatotoxic. Include 1,1,1- and 1,1,2-isomers.