Biomaterial Database

Comparative in-vitro activity of meropenem against clinical isolates including Enterobacteriaceae with expanded-spectrum beta-lactamases. 1989

C Chanal, and D Sirot, and M Chanal, and M Cluzel, and J Sirot, and R Cluzel

Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Meropenem, a new parenteral carbapenem, was tested in vitro by an agar-dilution method against 373 standard strains (aerobes and anaerobes) and against nine expanded-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains and their transconjugants (5 CTX-1, 2 CAZ-1, 2 CAZ-2). Meropenem was compared with methicillin, imipenem, piperacillin, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and metronidazole. Meropenem and imipenem exhibited an extended spectrum of activity, with low MICs. Only methicillin-resistant staphylococci, and Pseudomonas (Xanthomonas) maltophilia were resistant. Of the carbapenems, imipenem was more active against methicillin-susceptible staphylococci, streptococci and Enterococcus faecalis, but meropenem was markedly more active against all the Enterobacteriaceae and some pseudomonads. Both had similar activity against Ps. aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp. and anaerobes. The carbapenem MICs were very low for Enterol acteriaceae producing the expanded-spectrum beta-lactamases. Against CTX-1-producing strains resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime and against CAZ-1 or CAZ-2-producers highly resistant to ceftazidime meropenem was the most active, with MICs lower (0.03-0.12 mg/l) than those of imipenem (0.06-0.5 mg/l), for wild type producers and their transconjugants.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008826	Microbial Sensitivity Tests	Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).	Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D004755	Enterobacteriaceae	A family of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that do not form endospores. Its organisms are distributed worldwide with some being saprophytes and others being plant and animal parasites. Many species are of considerable economic importance due to their pathogenic effects on agriculture and livestock.	Coliform Bacilli,Enterobacteria,Ewingella,Leclercia,Paracolobactrum,Sodalis
D004756	Enterobacteriaceae Infections	Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.	Enterobacterial Infections,Cronobacter Infections,Infections, Enterobacteriaceae,Infections, Enterobacterial,Cronobacter Infection,Enterobacteriaceae Infection,Enterobacterial Infection,Infection, Cronobacter,Infection, Enterobacteriaceae,Infection, Enterobacterial,Infections, Cronobacter
D006094	Gram-Positive Bacteria	Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.	Gram Positive Bacteria
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000077731	Meropenem	A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.	3-(5-Dimethylcarbamoylpyrrolidin-3-ylthio)-6-(1-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-7-oxo-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid,Merrem,Penem,Ronem,SM 7338,SM-7338,SM7338
D001419	Bacteria	One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.	Eubacteria
D001421	Bacteria, Anaerobic	Bacteria that can survive and grow in the complete, or nearly complete absence of oxygen.	Anaerobic Bacteria
D001424	Bacterial Infections	Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.	Bacterial Disease,Bacterial Infection,Infection, Bacterial,Infections, Bacterial,Bacterial Diseases
D001618	beta-Lactamases	Enzymes found in many bacteria which catalyze the hydrolysis of the amide bond in the beta-lactam ring. Well known antibiotics destroyed by these enzymes are penicillins and cephalosporins.	beta-Lactamase,beta Lactamase,beta Lactamases