In this study the pattern of projections from the rostral intralaminar thalamic nuclei to the cerebral cortex was examined in the cat by autoradiography. Injections of tritiated proline and leucine were placed into the central lateral, paracentral, central medial, and para-stria medullaris nuclei. After injections into the central lateral nucleus, label is present on the lateral side within the presylvian sulcus, in most of the suprasylvian gyrus, including the adjacent lateral and suprasylvian sulci, and in the posterior corner of the ectosylvian gyrus. On the medial side, label is present in the orbitofrontal (Of), precentral agranular (Prag), anterior limbic (La), retrosplenial (Rs), and postsubicular (Ps) areas, as defined by Rose and Woolsey ('48a). The cingulate gyrus also contains label throughout (part of which was defined as the "cingular area," Cg, by Rose and Woolsey, '48a). Label is also found on both banks of the splenial and cruciate sulci. In addition, label is present within the lateral gyrus, on both its lateral and medial sides. The paracentral projections are similar to the central lateral input. On the lateral side, label is found within the presylvian sulcus, suprasylvian gyrus and adjacent lateral and suprasylvian sulci, and posterior ectosylvian gyrus. Medially, label is present in the Of, Prag, La, Cg, Rs, and Ps areas, and within the cruciate and splenial sulci, and in portions of the lateral gyrus. Following injections of the central medial nucleus, label is present in the presylvian sulcus; but in contrast to the central lateral and paracentral projections, the suprasylvian gyrus is labeled only in its posterior part. The central medial nucleus also projects to the posterior lateral gyrus, both laterally and medially. Also, the central medial nucleus projects heavily to rostral cortical zones, which include the Of, Prag and La areas, cruciate sulcus, and the rostral cingulate gyrus. The para-stria medullaris nucleus projects only to the presylvian sulcus and orbitofrontal cortex laterally, but, medially, has an extensive input similar to the central lateral and paracentral projections in that label is present in the Of, Prag, La, Cg, Rs, and Ps areas, in the cruciate and splenial sulci, and in the posterior lateral gyrus. The laminar distribution of label is as follows: the central lateral, paracentral and para-stria medullaris nuclei project primarily to layers I and III, whereas the central medial nucleus projects to layers I and VI. In addition, the central lateral projection has a patchy appearance in the retrosplenial and postsubicular cortices.