Wall Shear Rate Measurement: Validation of a New Method Through Multiphysics Simulations. 2017

Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli

Wall shear stress is known to affect the vessel endothelial function and to be related to important pathologies like the development of atherosclerosis. It is defined as the product of the blood viscosity by the blood velocity gradient at the wall position, i.e., the wall shear rate (WSR). The WSR measurement is particularly challenging in important cardiovascular sites, like the carotid bifurcation, because of the related complex flow configurations characterized by high spatial and temporal gradients, wall movement, and clutter noise. Moreover, accuracy of any method for WSR measurement can be effectively tested only if reliable gold standard WSR values, considering all the aforementioned disturbing effects, are available. Unfortunately, these requirements are difficult to achieve in a physical phantom, so that the accuracy test of the novel WSR measurement methods was so far limited to straight pipes and/or similar idealistic configurations. In this paper, we propose a new method for WSR measurement and its validation based on a mathematical model of the carotid bifurcation, which, exploiting fluid-structure simulations, is capable of reproducing realistic flow configuration, wall movement, and clutter noise. In particular, the profile near the wall, not directly measurable because affected by clutter, is estimated through a power-law fitting and compared with the gold standard provided by the model. In this condition, the WSR measurements featured an accuracy of ±20 %. A preliminary test on a volunteer confirmed the feasibility of the WSR method for in vivo application.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008955 Models, Cardiovascular Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment. Cardiovascular Model,Cardiovascular Models,Model, Cardiovascular
D001783 Blood Flow Velocity A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed. Blood Flow Velocities,Flow Velocities, Blood,Flow Velocity, Blood,Velocities, Blood Flow,Velocity, Blood Flow
D002339 Carotid Arteries Either of the two principal arteries on both sides of the neck that supply blood to the head and neck; each divides into two branches, the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery. Arteries, Carotid,Artery, Carotid,Carotid Artery
D003198 Computer Simulation Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes. Computational Modeling,Computational Modelling,Computer Models,In silico Modeling,In silico Models,In silico Simulation,Models, Computer,Computerized Models,Computer Model,Computer Simulations,Computerized Model,In silico Model,Model, Computer,Model, Computerized,Model, In silico,Modeling, Computational,Modeling, In silico,Modelling, Computational,Simulation, Computer,Simulation, In silico,Simulations, Computer
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000465 Algorithms A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task. Algorithm
D013314 Stress, Mechanical A purely physical condition which exists within any material because of strain or deformation by external forces or by non-uniform thermal expansion; expressed quantitatively in units of force per unit area. Mechanical Stress,Mechanical Stresses,Stresses, Mechanical
D019047 Phantoms, Imaging Devices or objects in various imaging techniques used to visualize or enhance visualization by simulating conditions encountered in the procedure. Phantoms are used very often in procedures employing or measuring x-irradiation or radioactive material to evaluate performance. Phantoms often have properties similar to human tissue. Water demonstrates absorbing properties similar to normal tissue, hence water-filled phantoms are used to map radiation levels. Phantoms are used also as teaching aids to simulate real conditions with x-ray or ultrasonic machines. (From Iturralde, Dictionary and Handbook of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Imaging, 1990) Phantoms, Radiographic,Phantoms, Radiologic,Radiographic Phantoms,Radiologic Phantoms,Phantom, Radiographic,Phantom, Radiologic,Radiographic Phantom,Radiologic Phantom,Imaging Phantom,Imaging Phantoms,Phantom, Imaging

Related Publications

Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli
September 2014, Nuclear medicine communications,
Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli
January 1995, Ultrasound in medicine & biology,
Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli
January 1993, Journal of medical engineering & technology,
Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli
November 1994, Journal of biomechanical engineering,
Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli
April 2024, Ultrasound in medicine & biology,
Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli
May 2008, Ultrasound in medicine & biology,
Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli
January 1994, Journal of biomechanics,
Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli
November 1986, Journal of biomechanical engineering,
Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli
January 2007, Physiological research,
Stefano Ricci, and Abigail Swillens, and Alessandro Ramalli, and Patrick Segers, and Piero Tortoli
August 2019, Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine,
Copied contents to your clipboard!