Design, synthesis, and testing of potential antisickling agents. 7. Ethacrynic acid analogues. 1989

D J Abraham, and A S Mehanna, and F S Williams, and E J Cragoe, and O W Woltersdorf
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0581.

In search of a drug to treat sickle cell anemia, several analogues of the diuretic ethacrynic acid (ECA) have been synthesized and found equivalent in antigelling potency to ECA, but they have moderate or little diuretic activity. Structure-activity studies revealed that most of the highly active derivatives contain an acryloyl moiety. The latter functionality reacts covalently with protein sulfhydryl groups via a Michael addition reaction. Other derivatives, which lack the acryloyl moiety, showed notably lower antigelling activity. Since the antigelling assay is run under anaerobic conditions, activity implies a stereochemical inhibition of polymerization of deoxyhemoglobin S. The solubility ratios obtained from [HbS drug]/[HbS control] of several compounds (Table I) are near those expected for a drug with clinical potential (1.06-1.20 at tolerable doses in vivo).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002621 Chemistry A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.
D004232 Diuretics Agents that promote the excretion of urine through their effects on kidney function. Diuretic,Diuretic Effect,Diuretic Effects,Effect, Diuretic,Effects, Diuretic
D004285 Dogs The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065) Canis familiaris,Dog
D004976 Ethacrynic Acid A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic. Edecrin,Etacrynic Acid,Ethacrinic Acid,Ethacrynate Sodium,Ethacrynic Acid, Sodium Salt,Hydromedin,Acid, Etacrynic,Acid, Ethacrinic,Acid, Ethacrynic,Sodium, Ethacrynate
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000986 Antisickling Agents Agents used to prevent or reverse the pathological events leading to sickling of erythrocytes in sickle cell conditions. Desickling Agents,Agents, Antisickling,Agents, Desickling
D012964 Sodium A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23. Sodium Ion Level,Sodium-23,Ion Level, Sodium,Level, Sodium Ion,Sodium 23
D013329 Structure-Activity Relationship The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups. Relationship, Structure-Activity,Relationships, Structure-Activity,Structure Activity Relationship,Structure-Activity Relationships
D015195 Drug Design The molecular designing of drugs for specific purposes (such as DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, anti-cancer efficacy, etc.) based on knowledge of molecular properties such as activity of functional groups, molecular geometry, and electronic structure, and also on information cataloged on analogous molecules. Drug design is generally computer-assisted molecular modeling and does not include PHARMACOKINETICS, dosage analysis, or drug administration analysis. Computer-Aided Drug Design,Computerized Drug Design,Drug Modeling,Pharmaceutical Design,Computer Aided Drug Design,Computer-Aided Drug Designs,Computerized Drug Designs,Design, Pharmaceutical,Drug Design, Computer-Aided,Drug Design, Computerized,Drug Designs,Drug Modelings,Pharmaceutical Designs
D055598 Chemical Phenomena The composition, structure, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes. Chemical Concepts,Chemical Processes,Physical Chemistry Concepts,Physical Chemistry Processes,Physicochemical Concepts,Physicochemical Phenomena,Physicochemical Processes,Chemical Phenomenon,Chemical Process,Physical Chemistry Phenomena,Physical Chemistry Process,Physicochemical Phenomenon,Physicochemical Process,Chemical Concept,Chemistry Process, Physical,Chemistry Processes, Physical,Concept, Chemical,Concept, Physical Chemistry,Concept, Physicochemical,Concepts, Chemical,Concepts, Physical Chemistry,Concepts, Physicochemical,Phenomena, Chemical,Phenomena, Physical Chemistry,Phenomena, Physicochemical,Phenomenon, Chemical,Phenomenon, Physicochemical,Physical Chemistry Concept,Physicochemical Concept,Process, Chemical,Process, Physical Chemistry,Process, Physicochemical,Processes, Chemical,Processes, Physical Chemistry,Processes, Physicochemical

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