The usefulness of a new cephem antibiotic, cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI, T-2588), was evaluated in the field of pediatrics. 1. Thirty-one patients were enrolled in the study. They included 20 boys and 11 girls with ages 8 months to 8 years 7 months. 2. The patients were treated with CFTM-PI at a dose levels ranging 3.0-4.2 mg/kg in 3 divided portions. The administration was done orally for a duration between 3 and 13 days, with a total dose between 27.3 and 130.0 mg/kg. 3. The patients were diagnostically classified into the following categories: 11 with acute pharyngitis, 1 with acute nasopharyngitis, 6 with acute tonsillitis, 9 with acute bronchitis, 2 with scarlet fever, 1 with purulent parotitis and 1 with purulent cervical lymphadenitis. 4. Clinical responses to the treatment were excellent in 14, good in 13, fair in 1 and poor in 3 patients with an overall efficacy rate of 87.1%. 5. Bacteriological responses were as follows: of 29 bacterial strains presumed to be pathogens, 23 were eradicated, 2 unchanged and 4 unknown, with an eradication rate of 92.0%. 6. Neither adverse reactions nor abnormal changes in laboratory test values were observed with the medication in any patients during and after the end of the treatment. None of the patients refused the medication. CFTM-PI was found very effective and safe in treating pediatric infections: it is a useful drug in the field of pediatrics.