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The incidence of tuberculosis is very high in patients treated by hemodialysis particularly in the early stage of hemodialysis. The diagnosis of tuberculosis in dialysis patients was obscured as symptoms were nonspecific and extrapulmonary involvement was seen frequently. We investigated cell mediated immunity in dialysis patients in relation to the period of dialysis. The data indicate that dialysis patients show the following immunological impairments; 1) lymphopenia, 2) decreased B cell, 3) alteration of T cell subset, 4) decreased reaction of PPD skin test, 5) decreased T cell activity, 6) decreased IL-2 production, 7) decreased PHA induced lymphocyte blastogenesis, 8) decreased NK cell. Decreased immunologic host defence mentioned above may contribute to the high incidence of tuberculosis in the early stage as well as in the maintenance phase of dialysis.
T Harada, and
H Sakata, and
R Yasumori, and
M Tadokoro, and
N Kohara, and
S Matsuo, and
Y Muraya, and
Y Ozono, and
S Kouno, and
M Hirota
July 2003,
Kekkaku : [Tuberculosis],
T Harada, and
H Sakata, and
R Yasumori, and
M Tadokoro, and
N Kohara, and
S Matsuo, and
Y Muraya, and
Y Ozono, and
S Kouno, and
M Hirota
October 1979,
The American journal of medicine,
T Harada, and
H Sakata, and
R Yasumori, and
M Tadokoro, and
N Kohara, and
S Matsuo, and
Y Muraya, and
Y Ozono, and
S Kouno, and
M Hirota
January 1996,
Nephron,
T Harada, and
H Sakata, and
R Yasumori, and
M Tadokoro, and
N Kohara, and
S Matsuo, and
Y Muraya, and
Y Ozono, and
S Kouno, and
M Hirota
January 2010,
International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease,
T Harada, and
H Sakata, and
R Yasumori, and
M Tadokoro, and
N Kohara, and
S Matsuo, and
Y Muraya, and
Y Ozono, and
S Kouno, and
M Hirota
October 2001,
Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae,
T Harada, and
H Sakata, and
R Yasumori, and
M Tadokoro, and
N Kohara, and
S Matsuo, and
Y Muraya, and
Y Ozono, and
S Kouno, and
M Hirota
February 2008,
Acta medica Croatica : casopis Hravatske akademije medicinskih znanosti,
T Harada, and
H Sakata, and
R Yasumori, and
M Tadokoro, and
N Kohara, and
S Matsuo, and
Y Muraya, and
Y Ozono, and
S Kouno, and
M Hirota
June 2011,
Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy,
T Harada, and
H Sakata, and
R Yasumori, and
M Tadokoro, and
N Kohara, and
S Matsuo, and
Y Muraya, and
Y Ozono, and
S Kouno, and
M Hirota
January 2005,
Medecine tropicale : revue du Corps de sante colonial,
T Harada, and
H Sakata, and
R Yasumori, and
M Tadokoro, and
N Kohara, and
S Matsuo, and
Y Muraya, and
Y Ozono, and
S Kouno, and
M Hirota
January 1996,
Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia,
T Harada, and
H Sakata, and
R Yasumori, and
M Tadokoro, and
N Kohara, and
S Matsuo, and
Y Muraya, and
Y Ozono, and
S Kouno, and
M Hirota
July 2009,
The New England journal of medicine,
