Hookworm infestation as a cause of melena and severe anaemia in farmer. 2017

Marvi Tariq, and Syeda Maria Muzammil, and Fareed Ahmed Shaikh, and K M Inam Pal
Medical Student, Class of 2017, Karachi, Pakistan.

Hookworm infections remain a major cause of morbidity in the developing world. Prevalence is highest in agricultural areas, where use of waste water for irrigation and poor hygiene increases infection rates among farmers. Infections present with gastrointestinal symptoms and chronic anaemia, and there are usually no signs of overt blood loss. The following report describes a case of melena in a middle-aged farmer, where the diagnosis of hookworm infestation was delayed due to the unusual presentation. The patient underwent multiple blood transfusions before referral to the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi and was managed conservatively with mebendazole at our hospital after exclusion of other possible causes of gastrointestinal bleeding. This case highlights the importance of considering hookworm infestations as a cause of melena in the older age group, where other critical differentials such as peptic ulcer disease and occult malignancy may result in delay in initiation of treatment and a significant financial burden on the patient.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008463 Mebendazole A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES. Anti-Worm,Bantenol,Banworm,Boots Threadworm Treatment,Lomper,Madicure,Mebendan,Mebenvet,Pripsen Mebendazole,R17635,Sqworm,Sufil,Surfont,Telmin,Vermicol,Vermidil,Vermox,Wormkuur,Anti Worm
D008551 Melena The black, tarry, foul-smelling FECES that contain degraded blood. Melenas
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D004386 Duodenum The shortest and widest portion of the SMALL INTESTINE adjacent to the PYLORUS of the STOMACH. It is named for having the length equal to about the width of 12 fingers. Duodenums
D006725 Hookworm Infections Infection of humans or animals with hookworms other than those caused by the genus Ancylostoma or Necator, for which the specific terms ANCYLOSTOMIASIS and NECATORIASIS are available. Bunostomiasis,Infections, Hookworm,Bunostomiases,Hookworm Infection,Infection, Hookworm
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000067565 Farmers Persons who cultivate land or crops, or raise LIVESTOCK. Agricultural Workers,Farm Workers,Farmworkers,Ranchers,Agricultural Worker,Farm Worker,Farmer,Farmworker,Rancher,Worker, Agricultural,Worker, Farm,Workers, Agricultural,Workers, Farm
D000740 Anemia A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN. Anemias
D000969 Antinematodal Agents Substances used in the treatment or control of nematode infestations. They are used also in veterinary practice. Nematocides,Antinematodal Drugs,Antinematodals,Agents, Antinematodal,Drugs, Antinematodal

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