Rapid Molecular Detection and Differentiation of Influenza Viruses A and B. 2017

Caitlin C Otto, and Samuel E Kaplan, and Jeffrey Stiles, and Albina Mikhlina, and Cindy Lee, and N Esther Babady, and Yi-Wei Tang
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.

Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses A and B in humans and causes a significant amount of morbidity and mortality every year. The Influenza A and B assay was the first CLIA-waived molecular rapid flu test available. The Influenza A and B test works by employing isothermal amplification with influenza-specific primers followed by target detection with molecular beacon probes. Here, the performance of the Influenza A and B assay on frozen, archived nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) specimens stored in viral transport medium (VTM) were compared to a respiratory panel assay. The performance of the Influenza A and B assay was evaluated by comparing the results to the respiratory panel reference method. The sensitivity for total influenza virus A was 67.5% (95% CI (CI), 56.6-78.5) and the specificity was 86.9% (CI, 71.0-100). For influenza virus B testing, the sensitivity and specificity were 90.2% (CI, 68.5-100) and 98.8% (CI, 68.5-100), respectively. This system has the advantage of a significantly shorter test time than any other currently available molecular assay and the simple, pipette-free procedure runs on a fully integrated, closed, small-footprint system. Overall, the Influenza A and B assay evaluated in this study has the potential to serve as a point-of-care rapid influenza diagnostic test.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007251 Influenza, Human An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia. Grippe,Human Flu,Human Influenza,Influenza in Humans,Influenza,Flu, Human,Human Influenzas,Influenza in Human,Influenzas,Influenzas, Human
D009305 Nasopharynx The top portion of the pharynx situated posterior to the nose and superior to the SOFT PALATE. The nasopharynx is the posterior extension of the nasal cavities and has a respiratory function. Rhinopharynx,Choanae,Nasopharynges,Nasopharynxes,Rhinopharynges,Rhinopharynxes
D009980 Influenza A virus The type species of the genus ALPHAINFLUENZAVIRUS that causes influenza and other diseases in humans and animals. Antigenic variation occurs frequently between strains, allowing classification into subtypes and variants. Transmission is usually by aerosol (human and most non-aquatic hosts) or waterborne (ducks). Infected birds shed the virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces. Alphainfluenzavirus influenzae,Avian Orthomyxovirus Type A,FLUAV,Fowl Plague Virus,Human Influenza A Virus,Influenza Virus Type A,Influenza Viruses Type A,Myxovirus influenzae-A hominis,Myxovirus influenzae-A suis,Myxovirus pestis galli,Orthomyxovirus Type A,Orthomyxovirus Type A, Avian,Orthomyxovirus Type A, Human,Orthomyxovirus Type A, Porcine,Pestis galli Myxovirus,Fowl Plague Viruses,Influenza A viruses,Myxovirus influenzae A hominis,Myxovirus influenzae A suis,Myxovirus, Pestis galli,Myxoviruses, Pestis galli,Pestis galli Myxoviruses,Plague Virus, Fowl,Virus, Fowl Plague
D009981 Influenza B virus Species of the genus BETAINFLUENZAVIRUS that cause HUMAN INFLUENZA and other diseases primarily in humans. Antigenic variation is less extensive than in type A viruses (INFLUENZA A VIRUS) and consequently there is no basis for distinct subtypes or variants. Epidemics are less likely than with INFLUENZA A VIRUS and there have been no pandemics. Previously only found in humans, Influenza B virus has been isolated from seals which may constitute the animal reservoir from which humans are exposed. Betainfluenzavirus influenzae,FLUBV,Human Influenza B Virus,Influenza Viruses Type B,Influenza virus type B,Orthomyxoviruses Type B,Influenza B viruses
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012367 RNA, Viral Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. Viral RNA
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D019095 Point-of-Care Systems Laboratory and other services provided to patients at the bedside. These include diagnostic and laboratory testing using automated information entry. Bedside Computing,Point of Care Technology,Bedside Technology,Point-of-Care,Bedside Technologies,Computing, Bedside,Point of Care,Point of Care Systems,Point-of-Care System,Systems, Point-of-Care,Technologies, Bedside,Technology, Bedside
D025202 Molecular Diagnostic Techniques MOLECULAR BIOLOGY techniques used in the diagnosis of disease. Molecular Testing,Molecular Diagnostic Technics,Molecular Diagnostic Testing,Diagnostic Technic, Molecular,Diagnostic Technics, Molecular,Diagnostic Technique, Molecular,Diagnostic Techniques, Molecular,Diagnostic Testing, Molecular,Molecular Diagnostic Technic,Molecular Diagnostic Technique,Technic, Molecular Diagnostic,Technics, Molecular Diagnostic,Technique, Molecular Diagnostic,Techniques, Molecular Diagnostic,Testing, Molecular,Testing, Molecular Diagnostic

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