Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel pyrazolo-pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potent antibacterial and biofilm inhibitors. 2017

Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506 004, Telangana, India.

An efficient four-component reaction of 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil, N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal, 1-phenyl-3-(4-substituted-phenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazoles and aromatic amines was conducted in the presence of [Bmim]FeCl4 ionic liquid as a promoting medium. This strategy provided a convenient route without any additional catalyst or metal salt under mild conditions. All the synthesized pyrazolo-pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidines derivatives were evaluated for their antibacterial, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), biofilm inhibition, intracellular ROS accumulation and protein leakage activities. The results revealed that among all the screened derivatives, the compounds 5c, 5i, 5l and 5m were quite promising with MIC values ranging between 3.9 and 15.6μg/mL, while the MBC values were 2-fold the antibacterial activity values. The biofilm inhibition activity revealed that the compounds 5l and 5m exhibited promising activity with IC50 values ranging between 1.8 and 8.2μg/mL. It was observed that at a concentration of 0.5μg/mL, the compound 5l treated biofilms of Micrococcus luteus showed increased levels of intracellular ROS accumulation. Further, the protein leakage study revealed that the Micrococcus luteus cells treated with compound 5l caused membrane permeability which resulted in protein leakage and subsequent bacterial cell death.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008826 Microbial Sensitivity Tests Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses). Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D011720 Pyrazoles Azoles of two nitrogens at the 1,2 positions, next to each other, in contrast with IMIDAZOLES in which they are at the 1,3 positions.
D011743 Pyrimidines A family of 6-membered heterocyclic compounds occurring in nature in a wide variety of forms. They include several nucleic acid constituents (CYTOSINE; THYMINE; and URACIL) and form the basic structure of the barbiturates.
D006090 Gram-Negative Bacteria Bacteria which lose crystal violet stain but are stained pink when treated by Gram's method. Gram Negative Bacteria
D006094 Gram-Positive Bacteria Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method. Gram Positive Bacteria
D000900 Anti-Bacterial Agents Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA. Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D017382 Reactive Oxygen Species Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. These reactive oxygen intermediates include SINGLET OXYGEN; SUPEROXIDES; PEROXIDES; HYDROXYL RADICAL; and HYPOCHLOROUS ACID. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of PHAGOCYTES, regulation of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION and GENE EXPRESSION, and the oxidative damage to NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS. Active Oxygen Species,Oxygen Radical,Oxygen Radicals,Pro-Oxidant,Reactive Oxygen Intermediates,Active Oxygen,Oxygen Species, Reactive,Pro-Oxidants,Oxygen, Active,Pro Oxidant,Pro Oxidants,Radical, Oxygen
D018441 Biofilms Encrustations formed from microbes (bacteria, algae, fungi, plankton, or protozoa) embedded in an EXTRACELLULAR POLYMERIC SUBSTANCE MATRIX that is secreted by the microbes. They occur on body surfaces such as teeth (DENTAL DEPOSITS); inanimate objects, and bodies of water. Biofilms are prevented from forming by treating surfaces with DENTIFRICES; DISINFECTANTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; and anti-fouling agents. Biofilm

Related Publications

Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
January 2011, Scientia pharmaceutica,
Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
May 2024, Bioorganic chemistry,
Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
January 2012, Scientia pharmaceutica,
Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
June 2016, Bioorganic chemistry,
Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
March 2007, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry,
Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
August 2019, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry,
Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
October 2018, Bioorganic chemistry,
Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
January 2003, Acta poloniae pharmaceutica,
Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
August 2022, European journal of medicinal chemistry,
Lingala Suresh, and P Sagar Vijay Kumar, and Y Poornachandra, and C Ganesh Kumar, and G V P Chandramouli
April 2013, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry,
Copied contents to your clipboard!