Apigenin-induced lysosomal degradation of β-catenin in Wnt/β-catenin signaling. 2017

Chung-Ming Lin, and Hsin-Han Chen, and Chun-An Lin, and Hui-Chung Wu, and Jim Jinn-Chyuan Sheu, and Hui-Jye Chen
Department of Biotechnology, Ming-Chuan University, Taoyuan, 33348, Taiwan.

The bioflavonoid apigenin has been shown to possess cancer-preventive and anti-cancer activities. In a drug screening, we found that apigenin can inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling, a pathway that participates in pivotal biological functions, which dis-regulation results in various human diseases including cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of apigenin in this pathway and its link to anti-cancer activities remain largely unknown. Here we showed that apigenin reduced the amount of total, cytoplasmic, and nuclear β-catenin, leading to the suppression in the β-catenin/TCF-mediated transcriptional activity, the expression of Wnt target genes, and cell proliferation of Wnt-stimulated P19 cells and Wnt-driven colorectal cancer cells. Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining analyses further revealed that apigenin could induce autophagy-mediated down-regulation of β-catenin in treated cells. Treatment with autophagy inhibitors wortmannin and chloroquine compromised this effect, substantiating the involvement of autophagy-lysosomal system on the degradation of β-catenin during Wnt signaling through inhibition of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Our data not only pointed out a route for the inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling through the induction of autophagy-lysosomal degradation of key player β-catenin, but also suggested that apigenin or other treatments which can initiate this degradation event are potentially used for the therapy of Wnt-related diseases including cancers.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008247 Lysosomes A class of morphologically heterogeneous cytoplasmic particles in animal and plant tissues characterized by their content of hydrolytic enzymes and the structure-linked latency of these enzymes. The intracellular functions of lysosomes depend on their lytic potential. The single unit membrane of the lysosome acts as a barrier between the enzymes enclosed in the lysosome and the external substrate. The activity of the enzymes contained in lysosomes is limited or nil unless the vesicle in which they are enclosed is ruptured or undergoes MEMBRANE FUSION. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed). Autolysosome,Autolysosomes,Lysosome
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000072261 Dishevelled Proteins A family of proteins that are key components of the WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY, where they function downstream of FRIZZLED RECEPTORS. They contain an N-terminal dishevelled-AXIN PROTEIN (DIX) domain, which mediates oligomerization; a central PDZ DOMAIN which binds to the frizzled receptor; and a C-terminal DEP domain which facilitates binding to the CELL MEMBRANE. Dishevelled proteins have important functions in CELL DIFFERENTIATION and establishing CELL POLARITY. Dishevelled Protein,Dishevelled-1 Protein,Dishevelled-2 Protein,Dishevelled-3 Protein,Dishevelled 1 Protein,Dishevelled 2 Protein,Dishevelled 3 Protein
D001343 Autophagy The segregation and degradation of various cytoplasmic constituents via engulfment by MULTIVESICULAR BODIES; VACUOLES; or AUTOPHAGOSOMES and their digestion by LYSOSOMES. It plays an important role in BIOLOGICAL METAMORPHOSIS and in the removal of bone by OSTEOCLASTS. Defective autophagy is associated with various diseases, including NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES and cancer. Autophagocytosis,ER-Phagy,Lipophagy,Nucleophagy,Reticulophagy,Ribophagy,Autophagy, Cellular,Cellular Autophagy,ER Phagy
D015179 Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI. Colorectal Cancer,Colorectal Carcinoma,Colorectal Tumors,Neoplasms, Colorectal,Cancer, Colorectal,Cancers, Colorectal,Carcinoma, Colorectal,Carcinomas, Colorectal,Colorectal Cancers,Colorectal Carcinomas,Colorectal Neoplasm,Colorectal Tumor,Neoplasm, Colorectal,Tumor, Colorectal,Tumors, Colorectal
D045744 Cell Line, Tumor A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells. Tumor Cell Line,Cell Lines, Tumor,Line, Tumor Cell,Lines, Tumor Cell,Tumor Cell Lines
D047310 Apigenin 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-flavone, one of the FLAVONES.
D049109 Cell Proliferation All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION. Cell Growth in Number,Cellular Proliferation,Cell Multiplication,Cell Number Growth,Growth, Cell Number,Multiplication, Cell,Number Growth, Cell,Proliferation, Cell,Proliferation, Cellular
D051057 Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt Protein-serine-threonine kinases that contain PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAINS and are activated by PHOSPHORYLATION in response to GROWTH FACTORS or INSULIN. They play a major role in cell metabolism, growth, and survival as a core component of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. Three isoforms have been described in mammalian cells. akt Proto-Oncogene Protein,c-akt Protein,AKT1 Protein Kinase,AKT2 Protein Kinase,AKT3 Protein Kinase,Akt-alpha Protein,Akt-beta Protein,Akt-gamma Protein,Protein Kinase B,Protein Kinase B alpha,Protein Kinase B beta,Protein Kinase B gamma,Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinase (Rac),Proto-Oncogene Protein Akt,Proto-Oncogene Protein RAC,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt1,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt2,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt3,RAC-PK Protein,Rac Protein Kinase,Rac-PK alpha Protein,Rac-PK beta Protein,Related to A and C-Protein,c-akt Proto-Oncogene Protein,Akt alpha Protein,Akt beta Protein,Akt gamma Protein,Akt, Proto-Oncogene Protein,Protein, akt Proto-Oncogene,Protein, c-akt Proto-Oncogene,Proteins c-akt1, Proto-Oncogene,Proteins c-akt2, Proto-Oncogene,Proteins c-akt3, Proto-Oncogene,Proto Oncogene Protein Akt,Proto Oncogene Protein RAC,Proto Oncogene Proteins c akt,Proto Oncogene Proteins c akt1,Proto Oncogene Proteins c akt2,Proto Oncogene Proteins c akt3,Proto-Oncogene Protein, akt,Proto-Oncogene Protein, c-akt,RAC PK Protein,RAC, Proto-Oncogene Protein,Rac PK alpha Protein,Rac PK beta Protein,Related to A and C Protein,akt Proto Oncogene Protein,alpha Protein, Rac-PK,c akt Proto Oncogene Protein,c-akt, Proto-Oncogene Proteins,c-akt1, Proto-Oncogene Proteins,c-akt2, Proto-Oncogene Proteins,c-akt3, Proto-Oncogene Proteins
D051176 beta Catenin A multi-functional catenin that participates in CELL ADHESION and nuclear signaling. Beta catenin binds CADHERINS and helps link their cytoplasmic tails to the ACTIN in the CYTOSKELETON via ALPHA CATENIN. It also serves as a transcriptional co-activator and downstream component of WNT PROTEIN-mediated SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS. beta-Catenin,Catenin, beta

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