Biomaterial Database

Vaginal contraceptives. Effective protection from sexually transmitted diseases for women? 1988

B B North

Healthworks Medical Group, Laguna Niguel, CA 92677.

The use of vaginal contraceptives reduces the risk of a woman's contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Almost two decades of laboratory data have established the virucidal and bactericidal characteristics of the spermicide nonoxynol-9; clinical trials, albeit limited, have confirmed its effectiveness. The use of spermicides in conjunction with mechanical barriers, such as the condom, diaphragm, contraceptive sponge and cervical cap, may provide optimal STD prophylaxis. Such information should be conveyed to women who are at risk of contracting or transmitting STDs.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011092	Polyethylene Glycols	Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.	Macrogols,Polyoxyethylenes,Carbowax,Macrogol,Polyethylene Glycol,Polyethylene Oxide,Polyethyleneoxide,Polyglycol,Glycol, Polyethylene,Glycols, Polyethylene,Oxide, Polyethylene,Oxides, Polyethylene,Polyethylene Oxides,Polyethyleneoxides,Polyglycols,Polyoxyethylene
D002690	Chlamydia Infections	Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.	Infections, Chlamydia,Chlamydia Infection,Infection, Chlamydia
D003273	Contraceptive Devices	Devices that diminish the likelihood of or prevent conception. (From Dorland, 28th ed)	Contraceptive Device,Device, Contraceptive,Devices, Contraceptive
D005260	Female		Females
D006069	Gonorrhea	Acute infectious disease characterized by primary invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.	Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012749	Sexually Transmitted Diseases	Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.	Venereal Diseases,STDs,STIs,Sexually Transmitted Infections,Disease, Sexually Transmitted,Disease, Venereal,Diseases, Sexually Transmitted,Diseases, Venereal,Infection, Sexually Transmitted,Infections, Sexually Transmitted,STI,Sexually Transmitted Disease,Sexually Transmitted Infection,Transmitted Infection, Sexually,Transmitted Infections, Sexually,Venereal Disease
D013089	Spermatocidal Agents	Chemical substances that are destructive to spermatozoa used as topically administered vaginal contraceptives.	Spermicidal Agents,Contraceptive Agents, Spermatocidal,Spermatocidal Drugs,Spermatocides,Spermicidal Contraceptive Agents,Vaginal Spermicides,Agents, Spermatocidal,Agents, Spermatocidal Contraceptive,Agents, Spermicidal,Agents, Spermicidal Contraceptive,Contraceptive Agents, Spermicidal,Drugs, Spermatocidal,Spermatocidal Contraceptive Agents,Spermicides, Vaginal
D014622	Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies	Medicated dosage forms for topical application in the vagina. A cream is a semisolid emulsion containing suspended or dissolved medication; a foam is a dispersion of a gas in a medicated liquid resulting in a light, frothy mass; a jelly is a colloidal semisolid mass of a water soluble medicated material, usually translucent.	Vaginal Creams, Foams and Jellies,Vaginal Cream,Vaginal Creams,Vaginal Foam,Vaginal Foams,Vaginal Gel,Vaginal Jellies,Vaginal Jelly,Vaginal Tablet,Vaginal Tablets,Cream, Vaginal,Creams, Vaginal,Foam, Vaginal,Foams, Vaginal,Gel, Vaginal,Gels, Vaginal,Jellies, Vaginal,Jelly, Vaginal,Tablet, Vaginal,Tablets, Vaginal,Vaginal Gels
D017137	Nonoxynol	Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. They are used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoaming agents, etc. Nonoxynol-9, the compound with 9 repeating ethoxy groups, is a spermatocide, formulated primarily as a component of vaginal foams and creams.	Nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanols,Advantage-S,Delfen Cream,Emulgen 911,Emulgin 913,Nonoxinol,Nonoxinols,Nonoxynol, 1(4)-Sulfate, Sodium Salt,Nonoxynol, 4-Sulfate, Ammonium Salt,Nonoxynol-9,Nonoxynols,Nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol,Patentex Oval,Advantage S,Delfen Creams,Nonoxynol 9,Oval, Patentex