Biomaterial Database

Ontogeny of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activities and of calmodulin levels in guinea pig ureter. 1988

Y H Cho, and M A Wheeler, and R M Weiss

Section of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06504.

Cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) activities and calmodulin levels were determined in ureters from guinea pigs of the following ages: 50 and 56 days fetuses, three, 10, 21, 50, and 90 days, and three years old. While there is little change in ureteral cyclic AMP-PDE with age, cyclic GMP-PDE increases with age. Activity of cyclic GMP-PDE in supernatants prepared from three-year-old guinea pig ureter homogenates is 462% and 216% higher than that from 50-day fetus and three-day animals, respectively. Calmodulin levels have a bimodal distribution with age; values are highest in supernatants from 10 and 21 day ureters, but also increase in the three-year ureters when compared to 50 and 90-day values.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009130	Muscle, Smooth	Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	Muscle, Involuntary,Smooth Muscle,Involuntary Muscle,Involuntary Muscles,Muscles, Involuntary,Muscles, Smooth,Smooth Muscles
D002147	Calmodulin	A heat-stable, low-molecular-weight activator protein found mainly in the brain and heart. The binding of calcium ions to this protein allows this protein to bind to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and to adenyl cyclase with subsequent activation. Thereby this protein modulates cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels.	Calcium-Dependent Activator Protein,Calcium-Dependent Regulator,Bovine Activator Protein,Cyclic AMP-Phosphodiesterase Activator,Phosphodiesterase Activating Factor,Phosphodiesterase Activator Protein,Phosphodiesterase Protein Activator,Regulator, Calcium-Dependent,AMP-Phosphodiesterase Activator, Cyclic,Activating Factor, Phosphodiesterase,Activator Protein, Bovine,Activator Protein, Calcium-Dependent,Activator Protein, Phosphodiesterase,Activator, Cyclic AMP-Phosphodiesterase,Activator, Phosphodiesterase Protein,Calcium Dependent Activator Protein,Calcium Dependent Regulator,Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase Activator,Factor, Phosphodiesterase Activating,Protein Activator, Phosphodiesterase,Protein, Bovine Activator,Protein, Calcium-Dependent Activator,Protein, Phosphodiesterase Activator,Regulator, Calcium Dependent
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000375	Aging	The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	Senescence,Aging, Biological,Biological Aging
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014513	Ureter	One of a pair of thick-walled tubes that transports urine from the KIDNEY PELVIS to the URINARY BLADDER.	Ureters
D015105	3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases	Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of CYCLIC AMP to form adenosine 5'-phosphate. The enzymes are widely distributed in animal tissue and control the level of intracellular cyclic AMP. Many specific enzymes classified under this heading demonstrate additional spcificity for 3',5'-cyclic IMP and CYCLIC GMP.	3',5'-Cyclic AMP 5'-Nucleotidohydrolase,3',5'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,CAMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5' Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5'-Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5'-Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5'-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,3,5-Cyclic AMP 5-Nucleotidohydrolase,3,5-Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5' Cyclic AMP 5' Nucleotidohydrolase,3',5' Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterases,3',5' Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,3',5' Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,3,5 Cyclic AMP 5 Nucleotidohydrolase,3,5 Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase,5'-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3',5'-Cyclic AMP,5-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3,5-Cyclic AMP,AMP 5'-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3',5'-Cyclic,AMP 5-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3,5-Cyclic,AMP Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic,AMP Phosphodiesterase, 3,5-Cyclic,Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic AMP,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic Nucleotide,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic-Nucleotide,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Nucleotide,Phosphodiesterase, 3,5-Cyclic AMP,Phosphodiesterase, CAMP,Phosphodiesterases, 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP
D015106	3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases	Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of cyclic GMP to yield guanosine-5'-phosphate.	3',5'-Cyclic GMP 5'-Nucleotidohydrolase,3',5'-Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterase,3,5-Cyclic GMP 5-Nucleotidohydrolase,3,5-Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5' Cyclic GMP 5' Nucleotidohydrolase,3',5' Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5' Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterases,3,5 Cyclic GMP 5 Nucleotidohydrolase,3,5 Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase,5'-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3',5'-Cyclic GMP,5-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3,5-Cyclic GMP,GMP 5'-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3',5'-Cyclic,GMP 5-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3,5-Cyclic,GMP Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic,GMP Phosphodiesterase, 3,5-Cyclic,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic GMP,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP,Phosphodiesterase, 3,5-Cyclic GMP,Phosphodiesterases, 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP